不同生物炭对土壤理化性质和潜在有毒元素固定的影响——地统计学方法。
Effects of different biochars on physicochemical properties and immobilization of potentially toxic elements in soil - A geostatistical approach.
机构信息
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan; Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore, 637141, Singapore; Department of Environmental Science, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, 29050, Pakistan.
Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore, 637141, Singapore.
出版信息
Chemosphere. 2021 Aug;277:130350. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130350. Epub 2021 Mar 21.
The impact of different biochars (BCs) on the physicochemical properties and immobilization of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in contaminated soil irrigated with industrial wastewater for the last three decades was studied. Furthermore, the efficacy of applied BCs in reducing geostatistical risks was also evaluated. For this purpose, BCs were prepared from green waste (Cynodon dactylon L.) for the first time at different pyrolysis temperature (400 °C, 600 °C and 800 °C), and amended the contaminated soil in pots with two different ratios of 2% and 5% (w/w) under controlled conditions. The BCs amended soil samples were analyzed after five months (equivalent to the life span of a wheat crop). The physicochemical impacts of applied BCs on the soil showed that the acidic soil was changed to basic. A tremendous increase in water holding capacity, cation exchange capacity, dissolved organic carbon, carbon, phosphorus and potassium contents was observed. The PTEs concentrations and geostatistical risks were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased by all the BCs. Among them, BC prepared at 800 °C and applied at a ratio of 5% was showed the best effects by reducing the bioavailable concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Fe, As, Co and Zn in 88%, 87%, 78%, 76%, 69%, 65%, 64%, 63%, 46% and 21%, respectively. Similarly, significant (p ≤ 0.05) reductions in geoaccumulation index, enrichment factor, contamination factor, and ecological risk were recorded. Therefore, BC prepared at 800 °C and applied at a ratio of 5% is recommended for soil remediation.
在过去三十年中，研究了不同生物炭（BC）对工业废水灌溉污染土壤的物理化学性质和潜在有毒元素（PTE）固定化的影响。此外，还评估了应用生物炭降低地统计风险的效果。为此，首次在不同热解温度（400°C、600°C 和 800°C）下，用绿色废物（狗牙根草）制备生物炭，并在受控条件下以 2%和 5%（w/w）的两个不同比例添加到盆栽污染土壤中。五个月后分析添加生物炭的土壤样品（相当于小麦作物的生命周期）。应用生物炭对土壤的物理化学影响表明，酸性土壤变为碱性。水保持能力、阳离子交换能力、溶解有机碳、碳、磷和钾含量显著增加。所有生物炭都显著（p≤0.05）降低了 PTE 浓度和地统计风险。其中，在 800°C 下制备并以 5%的比例应用的生物炭，通过降低 Cd、Pb、Cr、Ni、Cu、Mn、Fe、As、Co 和 Zn 的生物可利用浓度，表现出最好的效果，分别降低了 88%、87%、78%、76%、69%、65%、64%、63%、46%和 21%。同样，地积累指数、富集因子、污染因子和生态风险也显著降低（p≤0.05）。因此，建议在 800°C 下制备并以 5%的比例应用生物炭进行土壤修复。
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