新冠大流行期间普通人群中的焦虑、抑郁和心理困扰患病率：系统评价和荟萃分析。

Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and psychological distress among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.

Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.

出版信息

Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2021 Nov;67(7):892-906. doi: 10.1177/00207640211003121. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

DOI:10.1177/00207640211003121

PMID:33794717

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic is a worldwide epidemic declared by the world health organization as a public health emergency of concern and consequently inducing huge mental health and psychological reactions.

AIMS

This study is aimed to summarize the existing data regarding anxiety, depression, and psychological distress during the covid-19 pandemic among the wider population so that effective intervention strategies will be initiated.

METHODS

Pieces of literature that assessed anxiety, depression, and psychological distress among the general population during the COVID pandemic period were systematically gathered. Data extraction in Microsoft excel was done by two independent reviewers using predefined criteria. The analysis was done using a stata-11 and random effect model. A sub-group and sensitivity analysis was done. Besides, the funnel plot and eggers publication bias test was tested.

RESULTS

Sixteen studies that assessed 78,225 participants were included. Nine studies were included in the meta-analysis for anxiety prevalence. The average prevalence of anxiety was found to be 38.12%. A sub-group analysis showed that anxiety was 33.33% in China and 47.70% in other countries (Italy, Turkey, and India). Anxiety prevalence in studies measured with the DASS-21 scale, GAD-7 scale, and other tools (SAS, HADS, and 5-point Likert scale) was 23.4%, 40.73%, and 44.47% respectively. The prevalence of anxiety in studies that assessed a sample size above 2,000 participants was 40.33%. The average prevalence of depression among included studies was 34.31% and a sub-group analysis showed that depression was higher in China (36.32%) than in other countries (28.3%). Moreover, six studies reported psychological distress and the average prevalence was 37.54%.

CONCLUSION

This study revealed that anxiety, depression, and psychological distress are potential public mental health problems of the global community that suggests the need for early recognition and initiation of interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic period.

摘要

背景

世界卫生组织宣布 COVID-19 大流行是全球范围内的流行病，构成关切的公共卫生紧急事件，由此引发了巨大的心理健康和心理反应。

目的

本研究旨在总结 COVID-19 大流行期间更广泛人群中焦虑、抑郁和心理困扰的现有数据，以便启动有效的干预策略。

方法

系统收集了评估 COVID 大流行期间一般人群中焦虑、抑郁和心理困扰的文献。两名独立审查员使用预定义标准在 Microsoft excel 中进行数据提取。使用 stata-11 和随机效应模型进行分析。进行了亚组和敏感性分析。此外，还测试了漏斗图和 eggers 发表偏倚检验。

结果

纳入了 16 项研究，共评估了 78225 名参与者。有 9 项研究纳入了焦虑患病率的荟萃分析。发现焦虑的平均患病率为 38.12%。亚组分析表明，中国的焦虑患病率为 33.33%，其他国家（意大利、土耳其和印度）为 47.70%。用 DASS-21 量表、GAD-7 量表和其他工具（SAS、HADS 和 5 分李克特量表）测量的研究中焦虑的患病率分别为 23.4%、40.73%和 44.47%。评估样本量大于 2000 名参与者的研究中焦虑的患病率为 40.33%。纳入研究中抑郁的平均患病率为 34.31%，亚组分析表明，中国（36.32%）的抑郁患病率高于其他国家（28.3%）。此外，有 6 项研究报告了心理困扰，平均患病率为 37.54%。