School of Pharmacy, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Viral Hepat. 2021 Jul;28(7):994-1002. doi: 10.1111/jvh.13510. Epub 2021 Apr 9.
Very few low-income countries have developed national plans to achieve the viral hepatitis elimination targets set in the World Health Organization (WHO) strategy. We reviewed the policy environment, strategies and challenges on the fight against viral hepatitis in Zimbabwe. The review focussed on the Ministry of Health and Child Care (MoHCC) policy documents, strategic plans and reports. We performed key informant interviews to enhance evidence generated from the document review. Twelve documents were reviewed and interviews with 10 key informants were completed. The MoHCC established a technical working group to work towards elimination of viral hepatitis. The technical working group drafted a strategic plan for elimination of viral hepatitis; however, it is still awaiting implementation. Key strategies that are working well include screening of donated blood for transfusion, safe injection practices and hepatitis B virus (HBV) three-dose vaccination. Current challenges in the drive towards elimination of viral hepatitis include poor to non-existent surveillance systems, lack of epidemiological data, absence of the HBV vaccine birth dose and lack of systematic screening and treatment services for viral hepatitis. In conclusion, despite political will demonstrated towards achieving viral hepatitis elimination, substantial investment and work are required to implement the strategic plan and realize significant success.
很少有低收入国家制定了国家计划来实现世界卫生组织（WHO）战略中设定的病毒性肝炎消除目标。我们审查了津巴布韦防治病毒性肝炎的政策环境、战略和挑战。审查重点是卫生部和儿童保健部（MoHCC）的政策文件、战略计划和报告。我们进行了关键知情人访谈，以增强从文件审查中得出的证据。审查了 12 份文件，并完成了 10 名关键知情人的访谈。MoHCC 成立了一个技术工作组，致力于消除病毒性肝炎。该技术工作组起草了消除病毒性肝炎的战略计划；然而，该计划仍在等待实施。运行良好的关键战略包括筛查用于输血的捐献血液、安全注射实践和乙肝病毒（HBV）三剂疫苗接种。在消除病毒性肝炎的努力中，目前面临的挑战包括监测系统薄弱甚至不存在、缺乏流行病学数据、缺乏 HBV 疫苗出生剂量以及缺乏系统性的病毒性肝炎筛查和治疗服务。总之，尽管在实现消除病毒性肝炎方面表现出了政治意愿，但仍需要大量投资和工作来实施战略计划并取得显著成功。
