Mehta Sharuti, Sharma Anil Kumar, Singh Rajesh K
Research Scholar at I.K.G. Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala 144601, India | CT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jalandhar, 144020, Punjab, India.
AIMIL Pharmaceuticals India Limited, Ranjeet Nagar, 110008, New Delhi, India.
Mini Rev Med Chem. 2021;21(19):2976-2995. doi: 10.2174/1389557521666210401090028.
Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth. (Family: Plantaginaceae) is a well-recognized Ayurvedic herb. It is commonly called "Kutki" or "Kurro" and 'Indian gentian'. Iridoid glycosides are the plant's bioactive constituents accountable for the bitter taste and medicinal properties of the plant. The iridoid glycosides such as picrosides and other active metabolites of the plant exhibit many pharmacological activities like hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, immunomodulator, anti-ulcerative colitis, antimicrobial, etc. This review aims to provide updated information on the ethnobotany, synthetic phytochemistry, pharmacological potential, safety and toxicology of P. kurroa and its active metabolites. Indiscriminate exploitation, ecological destruction of natural habitats, slower plant growth and unawareness regarding cultivation and uprooting of plants have brought kutki an endangered status. Therefore, various techniques used for the conservation and production of bioactive metabolites from P. kurroa have also been reported. Information on the plant has been collected from Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus using 'Picrorhiza kurroa', 'Picroside-', 'Picroside-II', 'Picroliv', 'Immunomodulator' keywords. All studies on ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacology of plant from 2010- 2020 were comprised in this review article. The possible directions for future research have also been outlined briefly in this review article.
胡黄连（学名：Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth.，玄参科）是一种广为人知的阿育吠陀草药。它通常被称为“胡连”或“库罗”以及“印度龙胆”。环烯醚萜苷是该植物的生物活性成分，赋予了植物苦味和药用特性。该植物的环烯醚萜苷如胡黄连苷以及其他活性代谢产物具有许多药理活性，如保肝、抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌、免疫调节、抗溃疡性结肠炎、抗菌等。本综述旨在提供有关胡黄连及其活性代谢产物的民族植物学、合成植物化学、药理潜力、安全性和毒理学的最新信息。无节制的开发、自然栖息地的生态破坏、植物生长缓慢以及对植物种植和采挖的认识不足，已使胡连处于濒危状态。因此，也有报道介绍了用于保护胡黄连和生产其生物活性代谢产物的各种技术。有关该植物的信息是通过使用“胡黄连”“胡黄连苷 -”“胡黄连苷 -II”“胡黄连醇”“免疫调节剂”等关键词，从科学Direct、谷歌学术、PubMed、Scopus上收集的。本文综述了2010年至2020年期间关于该植物的民族植物学、植物化学和药理学的所有研究。本文还简要概述了未来研究的可能方向。
