Flykt Marjo, Punamäki Raija-Leena, Belt Ritva, Biringen Zeynep, Salo Saara, Posa Tiina, Pajulo Marjukka
University of Tampere.
Colorado State University.
Infant Ment Health J. 2012 Mar;33(2):123-138. doi: 10.1002/imhj.21313.
Both negative and idealized maternal prenatal representations may constitute a risk for mother-infant interaction. This study analyzed the role of maternal prenatal representations and pre- to postnatal representational change in predicting mother-infant emotional availability (EA) among 51 drug-abusing mothers and their infants who participated in either psychodynamic group therapy (PGT) or received psychosocial support (PSS) and among 50 nonusing comparison dyads. Maternal representations of her child, the child's father, her own mother, self-as-mother, and self-as-woman were measured during pregnancy and at 4 and 12 months' postpartum with the Interview of Maternal Representations (M. Ammaniti et al., 1992; M. Ammaniti, R. Tambelli, & P. Perucchini, 1998). EA was measured with the Emotional Availability Scales, fourth edition (Z. Biringen, 2008) at 4 and 12 months. The results showed that drug-abusing mothers had more negative prenatal representations of the self-as-woman and of the child's father. Postnatally, PSS mothers tended to first idealize their child, but later to experience disillusionment of idealization. Both negative and idealized prenatal representations of the self-as-mother predicted mother-infant EA problems, but only among the PGT mothers. For all mothers, negative representational change was detrimental for the mother-infant EA whereas for drug-abusing mothers, also increasing idealization from the prenatal period to the postnatal period was harmful. Clinicians working with drug-abusing mothers should aim at supporting the development of a realistically positive view of motherhood.
消极和理想化的母亲产前表征都可能构成母婴互动的风险。本研究分析了母亲产前表征以及产前到产后表征变化在预测51名滥用药物母亲及其婴儿的母婴情感可用性（EA）方面的作用，这些母亲和婴儿参与了心理动力团体治疗（PGT）或接受了心理社会支持（PSS），同时还分析了50对非滥用药物的对照母婴。在孕期、产后4个月和12个月时，使用母亲表征访谈（M. 阿曼尼蒂等人，1992年；M. 阿曼尼蒂、R. 坦贝利和P. 佩鲁基尼，1998年）测量母亲对自己孩子、孩子父亲、自己母亲、作为母亲的自我以及作为女性的自我的表征。在产后4个月和12个月时，使用第四版情感可用性量表（Z. 比林根，2008年）测量情感可用性。结果表明，滥用药物的母亲对作为女性的自我和孩子父亲有更多消极的产前表征。产后，接受心理社会支持的母亲往往首先会理想化自己的孩子，但后来会经历理想化的幻灭。作为母亲的自我的消极和理想化产前表征都预测了母婴情感可用性问题，但仅在接受心理动力团体治疗的母亲中如此。对于所有母亲来说，消极的表征变化对母婴情感可用性有害，而对于滥用药物的母亲来说，从孕期到产后理想化程度的增加也是有害的。与滥用药物的母亲打交道的临床医生应致力于支持她们形成对母亲身份的现实积极看法。
