Siekierski Maciej, Bukat Marcin, Ciosek Marcin, Piszcz Michał, Mroczkowska-Szerszeń Maja
Faculty of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry and Solid State Technology Division, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3 Str., 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
Oil and Gas Institute-National Research Institute, Lubicz 25a Str., 31-503 Cracow, Poland.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Mar 14;13(6):895. doi: 10.3390/polym13060895.
Whereas the major potential of the development of lithium-based cells is commonly attributed to the use of solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) to replace liquid ones, the possibilities of the improvement of the applicability of the fuel cell is often attributed to the novel electrolytic materials belonging to various structural families. In both cases, the transport properties of the electrolytes significantly affect the operational parameters of the galvanic and fuel cells incorporating them. Amongst them, the transference number (TN) of the electrochemically active species (usually cations) is, on the one hand, one of the most significant descriptors of the resulting cell operational efficiency while on the other, despite many years of investigation, it remains the worst definable and determinable material parameter. The paper delivers not only an extensive review of the development of the TN determination methodology but as well tries to show the physicochemical nature of the discrepancies observed between the values determined using various approaches for the same systems of interest. The provided critical review is supported by some original experimental data gathered for composite polymeric systems incorporating both inorganic and organic dispersed phases. It as well explains the physical sense of the negative transference number values resulting from some more elaborated approaches for highly associated systems.
虽然锂基电池发展的主要潜力通常归因于使用固体聚合物电解质（SPE）来替代液体电解质，但燃料电池适用性提高的可能性往往归因于属于各种结构家族的新型电解材料。在这两种情况下，电解质的传输特性都会显著影响包含它们的原电池和燃料电池的运行参数。其中，电化学活性物种（通常是阳离子）的迁移数（TN）一方面是所得电池运行效率的最重要描述符之一，另一方面，尽管经过多年研究，它仍然是最难定义和确定的材料参数。本文不仅对TN测定方法的发展进行了广泛综述，还试图展示在针对同一感兴趣系统使用各种方法测定的值之间观察到的差异的物理化学本质。所提供的批判性综述得到了一些针对包含无机和有机分散相的复合聚合物系统收集的原始实验数据的支持。它还解释了一些更精细方法对高度缔合系统产生的负迁移数值的物理意义。
