Makowska Krystyna, Gonkowski Slawomir
Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland.
Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Mar 11;11(3):780. doi: 10.3390/ani11030780.
Bisphenol A (BPA) contained in plastics used in the production of various everyday objects may leach from these items and contaminate food, water and air. As an endocrine disruptor, BPA negatively affects many internal organs and systems. Exposure to BPA also contributes to heart and cardiovascular system dysfunction, but many aspects connected with this activity remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of BPA in a dose of 0.05 mg/kg body weight/day (in many countries such a dose is regarded as a tolerable daily intake-TDI dose of BPA-completely safe for living organisms) on the neurochemical characterization of nerves located in the heart wall using the immunofluorescence technique. The obtained results indicate that BPA (even in such a relatively low dose) increases the number of nerves immunoreactive to neuropeptide Y, substance P and tyrosine hydroxylase (used here as a marker of sympathetic innervation). However, BPA did not change the number of nerves immunoreactive to vesicular acetylcholine transporter (used here as a marker of cholinergic structures). These observations suggest that changes in the heart innervation may be at the root of BPA-induced circulatory disturbances, as well as arrhythmogenic and/or proinflammatory effects of this endocrine disruptor. Moreover, changes in the neurochemical characterization of nerves in the heart wall may be the first sign of exposure to BPA.
用于生产各种日常用品的塑料中含有的双酚A（BPA）可能会从这些物品中渗出，污染食物、水和空气。作为一种内分泌干扰物，双酚A会对许多内部器官和系统产生负面影响。接触双酚A还会导致心脏和心血管系统功能障碍，但与这种作用相关的许多方面仍不清楚。因此，本研究旨在使用免疫荧光技术，研究剂量为0.05毫克/千克体重/天的双酚A（在许多国家，这样的剂量被视为双酚A的每日可耐受摄入量——对生物体完全安全的TDI剂量）对位于心脏壁内的神经的神经化学特征的影响。所得结果表明，双酚A（即使是在如此相对较低的剂量下）会增加对神经肽Y、P物质和酪氨酸羟化酶（此处用作交感神经支配的标志物）免疫反应的神经数量。然而，双酚A并未改变对囊泡乙酰胆碱转运体（此处用作胆碱能结构的标志物）免疫反应的神经数量。这些观察结果表明，心脏神经支配的变化可能是双酚A诱导的循环系统紊乱以及这种内分泌干扰物的致心律失常和/或促炎作用的根源。此外，心脏壁内神经的神经化学特征变化可能是接触双酚A的首个迹象。
