Jan Arif Tasleem, Rahman Safikur, Badierah Raied, Lee Eun Ju, Mattar Ehab H, Redwan Elrashdy M, Choi Inho
School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, India.
Department of Botany, MS College, BR Ambedkar Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, Bihar 842001, India.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Mar 8;13(5):1157. doi: 10.3390/cancers13051157.
Exosomes are membrane-enclosed distinct cellular entities of endocytic origin that shuttle proteins and RNA molecules intercellularly for communication purposes. Their surface is embossed by a huge variety of proteins, some of which are used as diagnostic markers. Exosomes are being explored for potential drug delivery, although their therapeutic utilities are impeded by gaps in knowledge regarding their formation and function under physiological condition and by lack of methods capable of shedding light on intraluminal vesicle release at the target site. Nonetheless, exosomes offer a promising means of developing systems that enable the specific delivery of therapeutics in diseases like cancer. This review summarizes information on donor cell types, cargoes, cargo loading, routes of administration, and the engineering of exosomal surfaces for specific peptides that increase target specificity and as such, therapeutic delivery.
外泌体是内吞起源的膜包裹的独特细胞实体，其在细胞间穿梭蛋白质和RNA分子以进行通讯。它们的表面印有各种各样的蛋白质，其中一些用作诊断标志物。尽管外泌体的治疗效用受到生理条件下其形成和功能相关知识空白以及缺乏能够阐明靶位点腔内囊泡释放的方法的阻碍，但仍在探索其用于潜在药物递送的可能性。尽管如此，外泌体为开发能够在癌症等疾病中实现治疗药物特异性递送的系统提供了一种有前景的手段。本综述总结了关于供体细胞类型、货物、货物装载、给药途径以及用于增加靶标特异性从而实现治疗递送的特定肽的外泌体表面工程的信息。
