Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea.
S&K Therapeutics, Woncheon Hall 135, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Mar 9;22(5):2754. doi: 10.3390/ijms22052754.
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), widely known as thioredoxin-binding protein 2 (TBP2), is a major binding mediator in the thioredoxin (TXN) antioxidant system, which involves a reduction-oxidation (redox) signaling complex and is pivotal for the pathophysiology of some diseases. TXNIP increases reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress and thereby contributes to apoptosis. Recent studies indicate an evolving role of TXNIP in the pathogenesis of complex diseases such as metabolic disorders, neurological disorders, and inflammatory illnesses. In addition, TXNIP has gained significant attention due to its wide range of functions in energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity, improved insulin secretion, and also in the regulation of glucose and tumor suppressor activities in various cancers. This review aims to highlight the roles of TXNIP in the field of diabetology, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammation. TXNIP is found to be a promising novel therapeutic target in the current review, not only in the aforementioned diseases but also in prolonged microvascular and macrovascular diseases. Therefore, TXNIP inhibitors hold promise for preventing the growing incidence of complications in relevant diseases.
硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白（TXNIP），又称为硫氧还蛋白结合蛋白 2（TBP2），是硫氧还蛋白（TXN）抗氧化系统中的主要结合介质，涉及氧化还原（redox）信号复合物，对某些疾病的病理生理学至关重要。TXNIP 增加活性氧的产生和氧化应激，从而导致细胞凋亡。最近的研究表明，TXNIP 在代谢紊乱、神经退行性疾病和炎症等复杂疾病的发病机制中发挥着不断演变的作用。此外，由于 TXNIP 在能量代谢、胰岛素敏感性、改善胰岛素分泌以及各种癌症中葡萄糖和肿瘤抑制活性的调节等方面具有广泛的功能，因此备受关注。本综述旨在强调 TXNIP 在糖尿病学、神经退行性疾病和炎症领域的作用。本综述发现，TXNIP 是一种有前途的新型治疗靶点，不仅在上述疾病中，而且在长期的微血管和大血管疾病中也有应用前景。因此，TXNIP 抑制剂有望预防相关疾病并发症发生率的上升。
