Gojani Esmaeel Ghasemi, Wang Bo, Li Dong-Ping, Kovalchuk Olga, Kovalchuk Igor
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.
Molecules. 2025 Apr 30;30(9):1991. doi: 10.3390/molecules30091991.
Type 2 diabetes mellites (T2DM) is the most common form of diabetes and affects a significant portion of the population. Obesity-related increases in free fatty acids and glucose in the diet contribute to β-cell dysfunction and loss, ultimately leading to the onset of T2DM. The endocannabinoid system, which is present throughout the body, plays a vital role in regulating various physiological processes, including those in the pancreas. This system has been implicated in metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes, as it helps to regulate appetite, food intake, and fat production. Phytocannabinoids from have the potential to influence the endocannabinoid system, offering a promising therapeutic approach for diabetes and its complications. Using high-glucose-high-lipid (HGHL)-induced INS-1 β-cells, we investigated the protective effects of two major (THC and CBD) and three minor (THCV, CBC, and CBG) phytocannabinoids on high glucose-high lipid (HGHL)-induced apoptosis, cell cycle disruption, and impaired function of beta-cells. Our results showed that all five phytocannabinoids reduced HGHL-induced apoptosis, likely by decreasing TXNIP protein levels. Additionally, THC and all three minor phytocannabinoids provided protective effects against functional impairments caused by HGHL exposure.
2型糖尿病（T2DM）是最常见的糖尿病形式，影响着相当一部分人群。饮食中与肥胖相关的游离脂肪酸和葡萄糖增加会导致β细胞功能障碍和丧失，最终导致T2DM的发生。遍布全身的内源性大麻素系统在调节各种生理过程中起着至关重要的作用，包括胰腺中的生理过程。该系统与肥胖和糖尿病等代谢紊乱有关，因为它有助于调节食欲、食物摄入和脂肪生成。来自植物的植物大麻素有可能影响内源性大麻素系统，为糖尿病及其并发症提供了一种有前景的治疗方法。我们使用高糖高脂（HGHL）诱导的INS-1β细胞，研究了两种主要植物大麻素（THC和CBD）和三种次要植物大麻素（THCV、CBC和CBG）对高糖高脂（HGHL）诱导的β细胞凋亡、细胞周期紊乱和功能受损的保护作用。我们的结果表明，所有五种植物大麻素都减少了HGHL诱导的凋亡，可能是通过降低TXNIP蛋白水平实现的。此外，THC和所有三种次要植物大麻素对HGHL暴露引起的功能损伤具有保护作用。
