Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 15;18(6):3017. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18063017.
Fine particulate matter (PM) samples were collected in the summer and winter of 2015 and 2017 in Xinxiang, China. Nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and three nitro-PAHs (NPAHs) in PM were detected via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The PAHs concentration in summer and winter decreased from 6.37 ± 1.30 ng/m and 96.9 ± 69.9 ng/m to 4.89 ± 2.67 ng/m and 49.8 ± 43.4 ng/m from 2015 to 2017. NPAHs decreased in winter (from 1707 ± 708 pg/m to 1192 ± 1113 pg/m), but increased in summer from 2015 (336 ± 77.2 pg/m) to 2017 (456 ± 312 pg/m). Diagnostic ratios of PAHs indicated that petroleum combustion was the main emission source in summer, and pollutants originating from the combustion of petroleum, coal and biomass dominated in winter. The 2-nitrofluoranthene (2-NFR)/2-nitropyrene (2-NP) ratio in this study demonstrated that the OH radical pathway was the main pathway for the formation of 2-NP and 2-NFR. The mean total benzo[]pyrene-equivalent concentrations (BaP) and incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) values decreased from 2013 to 2017. The high value of total BaPeq in the winter of 2017 in Xinxiang revealed that a high-risk of cancer remained for residents. The results of this study demonstrate that the decreases in PAHs and NPAHS concentrations from 2015 to 2017. Combined with reducing gaseous pollutants concentration, the reduction in this study might be attributable to emissions reductions by implementing the air pollution control regulations in Xinxiang city in 2016.
2015 年和 2017 年的夏季和冬季，在中国新乡采集了细颗粒物（PM）样本。通过高效液相色谱法（HPLC）检测了 PM 中的 9 种多环芳烃（PAHs）和 3 种硝基多环芳烃（NPAHs）。2015 年至 2017 年，夏季和冬季的 PAHs 浓度从 6.37±1.30ng/m 和 96.9±69.9ng/m 降至 4.89±2.67ng/m 和 49.8±43.4ng/m。冬季的 NPAHs 减少（从 1707±708pg/m 降至 1192±1113pg/m），但夏季从 2015 年（336±77.2pg/m）增加到 2017 年（456±312pg/m）。PAHs 的诊断比值表明，夏季石油燃烧是主要排放源，而冬季污染物主要来自石油、煤炭和生物质燃烧。本研究中的 2-硝基荧蒽（2-NFR）/2-硝基芘（2-NP）比值表明，OH 自由基途径是 2-NP 和 2-NFR 形成的主要途径。2013 年至 2017 年，总苯并[]芘等效浓度（BaP）和增量终生癌症风险（ILCR）平均值降低。2017 年冬季新乡总 BaPeq 值较高，表明居民患癌症的风险仍然较高。本研究结果表明，2015 年至 2017 年 PAHs 和 NPAHs 浓度降低。结合降低气态污染物浓度，本研究的降低可能归因于 2016 年新乡市实施空气污染控制法规减少了排放。
