Cardiology Rehabilitation Unit, S.Raffaele IRCCS, 00163 Rome, Italy.
Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 20;18(6):3229. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18063229.
In this study, we aimed at comparing the effects of three different exercise modalities on post-exercise hypotension (PEH) in elderly hypertensive patients and at investigating whether PEH responses to the same exercises are affected by their training status.
Thirty-six male sedentary hypertensive patients over 60 years old, were included. They were divided into three groups each one corresponding to a different exercise modality, i.e., aerobic continuous exercise (ACE), high-intensive interval exercise (HIIE), and combined (aerobic and resistance) exercise (CE). PEH was assessed in each group by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in two different conditions as follows: (1) sedentary status and (2) trained status, at the end of a 12 week of ACE training program. A cardiopulmonary test was performed before and at the end of the training program.
In the sedentary status, 24-h and nocturnal systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) decreased in all groups as compared with top pre-exercise, with a greater but not significant reduction in the ACE and CE groups as compared with HIIE. ACE and HIIE groups presented a more sustained PEH than CE. In the trained status, 24-h and nighttime systolic and diastolic BP decreased significantly only after HIIE, but were unchanged as compared with pre-exercise in the ACE and CE groups.
ACE and CE produced greater PEH than HIIE in sedentary elderly hypertensive patients. However, after training, HIIE produced the greater and more sustained PEH. The training status appears to exert significant effects on PEH produced by different exercise modalities.
本研究旨在比较三种不同运动方式对老年高血压患者运动后低血压（PEH）的影响，并探讨相同运动对 PEH 的反应是否受其训练状态的影响。
纳入 36 名 60 岁以上的久坐不动的高血压男性患者。他们被分为三组，每组对应一种不同的运动方式，即有氧连续运动（ACE）、高强度间歇运动（HIIE）和综合（有氧和阻力）运动（CE）。通过动态血压监测（ABPM）在两种不同条件下评估每组的 PEH，如下所示：（1）久坐状态和（2）训练状态，在 ACE 训练计划结束时。在训练计划前后进行心肺功能测试。
在久坐状态下，与运动前相比，所有组的 24 小时和夜间收缩压和舒张压（BP）均降低，ACE 和 CE 组的降低幅度更大，但与 HIIE 组相比无显著差异。ACE 和 HIIE 组的 PEH 更持续。在训练状态下，仅在 HIIE 后 24 小时和夜间收缩压和舒张压显著降低，但 ACE 和 CE 组与运动前相比无变化。
在久坐的老年高血压患者中，ACE 和 CE 比 HIIE 产生更大的 PEH。然而，经过训练后，HIIE 产生的 PEH 更大且更持久。训练状态似乎对不同运动方式产生的 PEH 产生显著影响。
