Ruzauskas Modestas, Armalytė Julija, Lastauskienė Eglė, Šiugždinienė Rita, Klimienė Irena, Mockeliūnas Raimundas, Bartkienė Elena
Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Mar 25;11(4):929. doi: 10.3390/ani11040929.
In this study we analyzed differences in microbial composition and antimicrobial resistance profiles in common carp living in two different environments: fish ponds, where carp have been kept under the same growing conditions over the last 50 years, and from the wild. The results demonstrated that wild fish carry a great variety of bacterial species (448 species with a prevalence of at least 0.01% from the total number of reads). Aquacultured individuals harbored 2.56 times fewer species in their gut. Significant microbial differences were observed in all taxonomic ranks, including bacterial classes and phyla. Besides bacterial variety, it was determined that aquacultured fish harbored more bacteria that are considered pathogens or opportunistic pathogens, such as Moraxellaceae, Flavobacteriaceae, and Staphylococcaceae. The frequency of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial indicators was more common in aquacultured fish than in wild fish, therefore fish farming may be a potential source of environmental contamination with antimicrobial resistant bacteria.
在本研究中，我们分析了生活在两种不同环境中的鲤鱼的微生物组成和抗菌药物耐药性概况的差异：一种是鱼塘，在过去50年里鲤鱼一直处于相同的养殖条件下；另一种是野生鲤鱼。结果表明，野生鱼类携带种类繁多的细菌（从总读数中至少有0.01%患病率的448种细菌）。水产养殖的鲤鱼肠道中携带的细菌种类要少2.56倍。在所有分类等级中都观察到了显著的微生物差异，包括细菌类和门。除了细菌种类的差异外，还确定水产养殖的鱼类携带更多被认为是病原体或机会性病原体的细菌，如莫拉菌科、黄杆菌科和葡萄球菌科。细菌指标中的抗菌药物耐药频率在水产养殖的鱼类中比在野生鱼类中更常见，因此养鱼业可能是抗菌药物耐药细菌环境污染的一个潜在来源。
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