Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310024, China.
CenBRAIN Laboratory, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Mar 4;21(5):1784. doi: 10.3390/s21051784.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a common sleep disorder disease, affects millions of people. Without appropriate treatment, this disease can provoke several health-related risks including stroke and sudden death. A variety of treatments have been introduced to relieve OSA. The main present clinical treatments and undertaken research activities to improve the success rate of OSA were covered in this paper. Additionally, guidelines on choosing a suitable treatment based on scientific evidence and objective comparison were provided. This review paper specifically elaborated the clinically offered managements as well as the research activities to better treat OSA. We analyzed the methodology of each diagnostic and treatment method, the success rate, and the economic burden on the world. This review paper provided an evidence-based comparison of each treatment to guide patients and physicians, but there are some limitations that would affect the comparison result. Future research should consider the consistent follow-up period and a sufficient number of samples. With the development of implantable medical devices, hypoglossal nerve stimulation systems will be designed to be smart and miniature and one of the potential upcoming research topics. The transcutaneous electrical stimulation as a non-invasive potential treatment would be further investigated in a clinical setting. Meanwhile, no treatment can cure OSA due to the complicated etiology. To maximize the treatment success of OSA, a multidisciplinary and integrated management would be considered in the future.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是一种常见的睡眠障碍疾病，影响着数百万人。如果没有适当的治疗，这种疾病会引发多种与健康相关的风险，包括中风和猝死。已经提出了多种治疗方法来缓解 OSA。本文涵盖了目前主要的临床治疗方法和为提高 OSA 成功率而开展的研究活动。此外，还提供了基于科学证据和客观比较选择合适治疗方法的指南。本文详细阐述了为更好地治疗 OSA 而提供的临床管理以及研究活动。我们分析了每种诊断和治疗方法的方法学、成功率以及对世界的经济负担。本文综述比较了每种治疗方法，为患者和医生提供了循证指导，但存在一些会影响比较结果的局限性。未来的研究应考虑一致的随访期和足够数量的样本。随着植入式医疗设备的发展，舌下神经刺激系统将被设计得更加智能和微型化，这将成为未来的一个潜在研究课题。经皮电刺激作为一种非侵入性的潜在治疗方法，将在临床环境中进一步进行研究。同时，由于 OSA 的病因复杂，没有一种治疗方法可以治愈 OSA。为了最大限度地提高 OSA 的治疗成功率，未来将考虑采用多学科和综合管理方法。
