Sugano Junko, Maina Ndegwa, Wallenius Janne, Hildén Kristiina
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Mar 31;7(4):265. doi: 10.3390/jof7040265.
Wood decomposition is a sophisticated process where various biocatalysts act simultaneously and synergistically on biopolymers to efficiently break down plant cell walls. In nature, this process depends on the activities of the wood-inhabiting fungal communities that co-exist and interact during wood decay. Wood-decaying fungal species have traditionally been classified as white-rot and brown-rot fungi, which differ in their decay mechanism and enzyme repertoire. To mimic the species interaction during wood decomposition, we have cultivated the white-rot fungus, , and two brown-rot fungi, and , in single and co-cultivations on softwood and hardwood. We compared their extracellular hydrolytic carbohydrate-active and oxidative lignin-degrading enzyme activities and production profiles. The interaction of white-rot and brown-rot species showed enhanced (hemi)cellulase activities on birch and spruce-supplemented cultivations. Based on the enzyme activity profiles, the combination of and facilitated birch wood degradation, whereas and is a promising combination for efficient degradation of spruce wood, showing synergy in β-glucosidase (BGL) and α-galactosidase (AGL) activity. Synergistic BGL and AGL activity was also detected on birch during the interaction of brown-rot species. Our findings indicate that fungal interaction on different woody substrates have an impact on both simultaneous and sequential biocatalytic activities.
木材分解是一个复杂的过程，其中各种生物催化剂同时且协同作用于生物聚合物，以有效地分解植物细胞壁。在自然界中，这个过程取决于在木材腐朽过程中共存和相互作用的栖息于木材的真菌群落的活动。传统上，木材腐朽真菌物种被分为白腐菌和褐腐菌，它们在腐朽机制和酶库方面存在差异。为了模拟木材分解过程中的物种相互作用，我们在软木和硬木上进行了单培养和共培养，培养了白腐菌以及两种褐腐菌。我们比较了它们的细胞外水解碳水化合物活性酶和氧化木质素降解酶的活性及产生情况。白腐菌和褐腐菌物种之间的相互作用在添加桦木和云杉的培养物中显示出增强的（半）纤维素酶活性。基于酶活性情况，[白腐菌名称1]和[褐腐菌名称1]的组合促进了桦木的降解，而[白腐菌名称2]和[褐腐菌名称2]是高效降解云杉木的有前景的组合，在β-葡萄糖苷酶（BGL）和α-半乳糖苷酶（AGL）活性方面表现出协同作用。在褐腐菌物种相互作用期间，在桦木上也检测到了协同的BGL和AGL活性。我们的研究结果表明，不同木质底物上的真菌相互作用对同时发生和相继发生的生物催化活性都有影响。
