Department of Medicine Systems, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Sport Engineering Lab, Department of Industrial Engineering, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 5;18(5):2587. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18052587.
To date, studies on muscle force and power-velocity (F-v and P-v) relationships performed in water are absent.
The goal of this study is to derive the F-v and P-v regression models of water polo players in water vertical thrust performance at increasing load.
After use of a control object for direct linear transformation, displacement over the water and elapsed time was measured, by using a high-speed 2D-videoanalysis system, on 14 players involved in the study.
Intra-operator and player's performance interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) reliability showed an excellent level of reproducibility for all kinematic and dynamic measurements considered in this study with a coefficient of variation (CV) of less than 4.5%. Results of this study have shown that an exponential force-velocity relationship seems to explain better the propulsive force exerted in the water in lifting increasing loads compared to the linear one, while the power and velocity have been shown to follow a second-order polynomial regression model.
Given the accuracy of the video analysis, the high reliability and the specificity of the results, it is pointed out that video analysis can be a valid method to determine force-velocity and power-velocity curves in a specific environment to evaluate the neuromuscular profile of each water polo player.
迄今为止，关于水中肌肉力量和速度（F-v 和 P-v）关系的研究尚不存在。
本研究旨在推导水球运动员在水中垂直推力性能中增加负荷时的 F-v 和 P-v 回归模型。
在使用控制对象进行直接线性变换后，通过高速 2D 视频分析系统测量了 14 名研究参与者在水中的位移和时间。
本研究的所有运动学和动力学测量的内操作员和运动员表现的组内相关系数（ICC）可靠性均显示出极好的可重复性，变异系数（CV）小于 4.5%。本研究的结果表明，与线性关系相比，指数力速关系似乎更能解释在提升增加的负荷时在水中施加的推进力，而功率和速度则呈现出二次多项式回归模型。
鉴于视频分析的准确性、高可靠性和结果的特异性，可以指出视频分析可以成为一种在特定环境下确定力速和功率速度曲线的有效方法，以评估每个水球运动员的神经肌肉特征。
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