Margileth A M
Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799.
Pediatr Dermatol. 1988 Feb;5(1):1-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1470.1988.tb00876.x.
Cat scratch disease is a relatively common cause of chronic (three weeks or longer) lymphadenopathy, with 80% of cases occurring in children and adolescents. This self-limited infection caused by a small, gram-negative, pleomorphic bacillus has been identified in ocular granuloma, skin inoculation lesions, and lymph node specimens. Dermatologic manifestations observed prospectively in 908 patients included primary cat scratch inoculation papules, pustules or rarely, vesicles. Occasionally, enanthematous mucous membrane (oral, ocular) primary inoculation lesions were observed. About 5% of patients have generalized macular, maculopapular, morbilliform, and rarely petechial, usually nonpruritic exanthem. Rarely, erythema nodosum or multiforme and ecchymoses with petechial rashes are seen. Thrombocytopenic purpura is extremely uncommon. Unusual manifestations such as the oculoglandular syndrome of Parinaud, encephalopathy, or severe systemic disease occur in about 10% of patients. Management consists of symptomatic treatment and occasional aspiration of a suppurative node. The disease usually resolves spontaneously in two to four months.
猫抓病是慢性（三周或更长时间）淋巴结病相对常见的病因，80%的病例发生在儿童和青少年中。这种由一种小型革兰氏阴性多形性杆菌引起的自限性感染已在眼部肉芽肿、皮肤接种损伤和淋巴结标本中被确认。在908例患者中前瞻性观察到的皮肤表现包括原发性猫抓接种丘疹、脓疱，或罕见的水疱。偶尔可见黏膜疹性（口腔、眼部）原发性接种损伤。约5%的患者有全身性斑疹、斑丘疹、麻疹样皮疹，罕见瘀点，通常为非瘙痒性皮疹。罕见情况下，可见结节性红斑或多形红斑以及伴有瘀点皮疹的瘀斑。血小板减少性紫癜极为罕见。约10%的患者会出现如帕里诺眼腺综合征、脑病或严重全身性疾病等不寻常表现。治疗包括对症治疗以及偶尔对化脓性淋巴结进行抽吸。该病通常在两到四个月内自行缓解。
