Stevens Chloe H, Reed Barney T, Hawkins Penny
Animals in Science Department, RSPCA, Wilberforce Way, Southwater, West Sussex RH13 9RS, UK.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Mar 5;11(3):698. doi: 10.3390/ani11030698.
Good practice for the housing and care of laboratory zebrafish is an increasingly discussed topic, with focus on appropriate water quality parameters, stocking densities, feeding regimes, anaesthesia and analgesia practices, methods of humane killing, and more. One area of current attention is around the provision of environmental enrichment. Enrichment is accepted as an essential requirement for meeting the behavioural needs and improving the welfare of many laboratory animal species, but in general, provision for zebrafish is minimal. Some of those involved in the care and use of zebrafish suggest there is a 'lack of evidence' that enrichment has welfare benefits for this species, or cite a belief that zebrafish do not 'need' enrichment. Concerns are also sometimes raised around the practical challenges of providing enrichments, or that they may impact on the science being undertaken. However, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that various forms of enrichment are preferred by zebrafish over a barren tank, and that enriched conditions can improve welfare by reducing stress and anxiety. This review explores the effects that enrichment can have on zebrafish behaviour, physiology and welfare, and considers the challenges to facilities of providing more enrichment for the zebrafish they house.
实验室斑马鱼饲养与护理的良好做法是一个越来越受关注的话题，重点在于合适的水质参数、放养密度、投喂方式、麻醉和镇痛方法、人道处死方法等等。当前一个受到关注的领域是环境富集的提供。富集被认为是满足许多实验动物物种行为需求和改善其福利的一项基本要求，但总体而言，为斑马鱼提供的富集条件极少。一些参与斑马鱼护理和使用的人员表示，“缺乏证据”表明富集对该物种的福利有益，或者认为斑马鱼“不需要”富集。有时也会有人担心提供富集存在实际困难，或者担心其可能会影响正在进行的科学研究。然而，越来越多的证据表明，与光秃秃的鱼缸相比，斑马鱼更喜欢各种形式的富集环境，而且富集环境可以通过减轻压力和焦虑来改善福利。本综述探讨了富集对斑马鱼行为、生理和福利可能产生的影响，并考虑了为其所饲养的斑马鱼提供更多富集环境的设施所面临的挑战。
