Zhao Longgang, Deng Chuanjie, Lin Zijin, Giovannucci Edward, Zhang Xuehong
Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Mar 30;13(7):1580. doi: 10.3390/cancers13071580.
To quantify the associations between dietary fats and their major components, as well as serum levels of cholesterol, and liver cancer risk, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to October 2020 for prospective studies that reported the risk estimates of dietary fats and serum cholesterol for liver cancer risk. We carried out highest versus lowest intake or level and dose-response analyses. Higher intake of dietary saturated fatty acids (SFA) was associated with a higher liver cancer risk in both category analysis (relative risk [RR] = 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06, 1.69) and dose-response analysis (RR = 1.04, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.07). Higher serum total cholesterol was inversely associated with liver cancer but with large between-studies variability (RR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.69, 0.75, I = 75.3%). The inverse association was more pronounced for serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (RR = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.27, 0.64). Higher intake of dietary SFA was associated with higher risk of liver cancer while higher serum levels of cholesterol and HDL were associated with a lower risk of liver cancer with high between-studies variability.
为了量化膳食脂肪及其主要成分与血清胆固醇水平和肝癌风险之间的关联，我们对前瞻性研究进行了系统评价和荟萃分析。我们检索了截至2020年10月的PubMed、Embase和Web of Science数据库，以查找报告膳食脂肪和血清胆固醇对肝癌风险的风险估计值的前瞻性研究。我们进行了最高摄入量与最低摄入量或水平以及剂量反应分析。在分类分析（相对风险[RR]=1.34，95%置信区间[CI]：1.06，1.69）和剂量反应分析（RR=1.04，95%CI：1.01，1.07）中，膳食饱和脂肪酸（SFA）摄入量较高均与较高的肝癌风险相关。血清总胆固醇水平较高与肝癌呈负相关，但研究间存在较大差异（RR=0.72，95%CI：0.69，0.75，I²=75.3%）。血清高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇的负相关更为明显（RR=0.42，95%CI：0.27，0.64）。膳食SFA摄入量较高与较高的肝癌风险相关，而血清胆固醇和HDL水平较高与较低的肝癌风险相关，研究间差异较大。
