Lee Na-Hyun, Kim So Jung, Hyun Jeongeun
Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea.
Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea.
Biomedicines. 2021 Mar 30;9(4):347. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9040347.
Liver cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and its prevalence and mortality rate are increasing due to the lack of biomarkers and effective treatments. The Hippo signaling pathway has long been known to control liver size, and genetic depletion of Hippo kinases leads to liver cancer in mice through activation of the downstream effectors yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ). Both YAP and TAZ not only reprogram tumor cells but also alter the tumor microenvironment to exert carcinogenic effects. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of YAP/TAZ-mediated liver tumorigenesis will help overcome liver cancer. For decades, small noncoding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), have been reported to play critical roles in the pathogenesis of many cancers, including liver cancer. However, the interactions between miRNAs and Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling in the liver are still largely unknown. Here, we review miRNAs that influence the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of tumor cells by modulating Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling during hepatic tumorigenesis. Previous findings suggest that these miRNAs are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of liver cancer.
肝癌是全球最常见的癌症之一，由于缺乏生物标志物和有效的治疗方法，其发病率和死亡率正在上升。长期以来，人们已知河马信号通路控制肝脏大小，河马激酶的基因缺失通过激活下游效应因子Yes相关蛋白（YAP）和具有PDZ结合基序的转录共激活因子（TAZ）导致小鼠肝癌。YAP和TAZ不仅能使肿瘤细胞重编程，还能改变肿瘤微环境以发挥致癌作用。因此，了解YAP/TAZ介导的肝脏肿瘤发生机制将有助于攻克肝癌。几十年来，小非编码RNA，即微小RNA（miRNA），已被报道在包括肝癌在内的许多癌症的发病机制中发挥关键作用。然而，miRNA与肝脏中河马-YAP/TAZ信号之间的相互作用仍 largely未知。在这里，我们综述了在肝脏肿瘤发生过程中通过调节河马-YAP/TAZ信号影响肿瘤细胞增殖、迁移和凋亡的miRNA。先前的研究结果表明，这些miRNA是肝癌诊断、预后和治疗的潜在生物标志物和治疗靶点。
