Tsai Cheng-Hsien, Lin Wei-Sheng
Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin 640, Taiwan.
Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2021 Mar 22;11(3):568. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11030568.
Acute necrotizing encephalopathy is a devastating clinico-radiological syndrome characterized by fulminant neurological deterioration after an antecedent febrile illness, as well as the imaging hallmark of bilateral thalamic involvement. Herein, we describe a 4-year-old boy with typical clinical and neuroimaging features of acute necrotizing encephalopathy. The bithalamic swelling led to a block of cerebrospinal fluid circulation at the foramen of Monro, thereby causing the mild dilatation of lateral ventricles. The periventricular areas could, therefore, have been potentially affected by the acute necrotizing encephalopathy per se and/or transependymal edema secondary to obstructive hydrocephalus. The information from diffusion imaging allows for differentiation between these two pathophysiological processes.
急性坏死性脑病是一种严重的临床放射学综合征，其特征为前驱发热性疾病后迅速出现神经功能恶化，以及双侧丘脑受累的影像学特征。在此，我们描述一名4岁男孩，具有急性坏死性脑病的典型临床和神经影像学特征。双侧丘脑肿胀导致脑脊液在室间孔处循环受阻，从而引起侧脑室轻度扩张。因此，脑室周围区域可能受到急性坏死性脑病本身和/或梗阻性脑积水继发的经室管膜水肿的潜在影响。来自扩散成像的信息有助于区分这两种病理生理过程。
