Elongated-Hexagonal Photonic Crystal for Buffering, Sensing, and Modulation.

A paradigm for high buffering performance with an essential fulfillment for sensing and modulation was set forth. Through substituting the fundamental two rows of air holes in an elongated hexagonal photonic crystal (E-PhC) by one row of the triangular gaps, the EPCW is molded to form an irregular waveguide. By properly adjusting the triangle dimension solitary, we fulfilled the lowest favorable value of the physical-size of each stored bit by about μ5.5510 μm. Besides, the EPCW is highly sensitive to refractive index (RI) perturbation attributed to the medium through infiltrating the triangular gaps inside the EPCW by microfluid with high RI sensitivity of about 379.87 nm/RIU. Furthermore, dynamic modulation can be achieved by applying external voltage and high electro-optical (EO) sensitivity is obtained of about 748.407 nm/RIU. The higher sensitivity is attributable to strong optical confinement in the waveguide region and enhanced light-matter interaction in the region of the microfluid triangular gaps inside the EPCW and conventional gaps (air holes). The EPCW structure enhances the interaction between the light and the sensing medium.