Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Street, 17671, Athens, Greece.
Center of Sleep Disorders, 1st Department of Critical Care, "Evangelismos" General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Sleep Breath. 2022 Mar;26(1):89-97. doi: 10.1007/s11325-021-02351-x. Epub 2021 Apr 4.
Insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are among the most prevalent sleep disorders and frequently co-occur, defining the sleep apnea-insomnia syndrome. However, data exploring associations between insomnia and lifestyle habits in patients with OSA are lacking. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate potential associations between insomnia presence and individual lifestyle parameters in patients with mild/moderate-to-severe OSA evaluated by attended polysomnography.
These are secondary analyses, using data from a cross-sectional study among 269 Greek patients with OSA. Clinical, anthropometric, socioeconomic, and lifestyle data were collected for all participants. Insomnia presence was evaluated through the validated psychometric instrument "Athens Insomnia Scale" (AIS). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was estimated with the MedDietScale index and physical activity habits were assessed through a validated questionnaire. Backward stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between lifestyle habits (i.e., adherence to the Mediterranean diet and physical activity) and the likelihood of having insomnia, while adjusting for potential confounders.
Of 269 patients newly diagnosed with OSA (aged 21-70 years; 73% men), 146 (54%) were categorized as having insomnia. In multivariable models, higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet and engagement in physical activity for ≥ 30 min/day were both associated with a lower likelihood of having insomnia (odds ratio (95% confidence intervals): 0.40 (0.18-0.91) and 0.49 (0.28-0.86), respectively).
Results add to the limited data on the role of lifestyle in insomnia and should be further explored both in epidemiological and clinical studies.
失眠和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是最常见的睡眠障碍之一，常同时发生，定义为睡眠呼吸暂停-失眠综合征。然而，缺乏关于 OSA 患者失眠与生活方式习惯之间关联的数据。因此，本研究旨在调查通过 attended 多导睡眠图评估的轻度/中度至重度 OSA 患者中失眠存在与个体生活方式参数之间的潜在关联。
这是一项二次分析，使用了来自 269 名希腊 OSA 患者的横断面研究数据。对所有参与者收集了临床、人体测量学、社会经济和生活方式数据。通过经过验证的心理计量学工具“雅典失眠量表”（AIS）评估失眠的存在。采用 MedDietScale 指数评估地中海饮食的依从性，通过经过验证的问卷评估体育活动习惯。使用向后逐步多元逻辑回归分析来估计生活方式习惯（即，地中海饮食的依从性和体育活动）与失眠可能性之间的关联，同时调整潜在的混杂因素。
在 269 名新诊断为 OSA（年龄 21-70 岁；73%为男性）的患者中，146 名（54%）被归类为失眠。在多变量模型中，较高的地中海饮食依从性和每天进行≥30 分钟的体育活动与失眠可能性降低相关（优势比（95%置信区间）：0.40（0.18-0.91）和 0.49（0.28-0.86））。
结果增加了关于生活方式在失眠中的作用的有限数据，应在流行病学和临床研究中进一步探讨。
