College of Law and Political Science, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.
The University of Hong Kong Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong, China.
Pol J Microbiol. 2021 Mar;70(1):3-11. doi: 10.33073/pjm-2021-003. Epub 2021 Mar 9.
is one of the ubiquitous fungi with airborne conidia, which accounts for most aspergillosis cases. In immunocompetent hosts, the inhaled conidia are rapidly eliminated. However, immunocompromised or immunodeficient hosts are particularly vulnerable to most infections and invasive aspergillosis (IA), with mortality from 50% to 95%. Despite the improvement of antifungal drugs over the last few decades, the therapeutic effect for IA patients is still limited and does not provide significant survival benefits. The drawbacks of antifungal drugs such as side effects, antifungal drug resistance, and the high cost of antifungal drugs highlight the importance of finding novel therapeutic and preventive approaches to fight against IA. In this article, we systemically addressed the pathogenic mechanisms, defense mechanisms against , the immune response, molecular aspects of host evasion, and vaccines' current development against aspergillosis, particularly those based on AFMP4 protein, which might be a promising antigen for the development of anti- vaccines.
是一种普遍存在的空气中带有分生孢子的真菌，它是大多数曲霉菌病的病因。在免疫功能正常的宿主中，吸入的分生孢子会被迅速清除。然而，免疫功能低下或免疫缺陷的宿主特别容易受到大多数感染和侵袭性曲霉菌病（IA）的影响，死亡率为 50%至 95%。尽管过去几十年抗真菌药物有所改善，但 IA 患者的治疗效果仍然有限，并没有提供显著的生存获益。抗真菌药物的缺点，如副作用、抗真菌药物耐药性以及抗真菌药物的高成本，突出了寻找新的治疗和预防方法来对抗 IA 的重要性。在本文中，我们系统地阐述了致病性机制、对的防御机制、免疫反应、宿主逃避的分子方面以及基于 AFMP4 蛋白的疫苗的当前开发情况，该蛋白可能是开发抗疫苗的有前途的抗原。
