Wingo P A, Ory H W, Layde P M, Lee N C
Division of Reproductive Health, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Am J Epidemiol. 1988 Jul;128(1):206-17. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114942.
This report details the methods the authors used to conduct the Cancer and Steroid Hormone Study, a multicenter, population-based, case-control study of oral contraceptive use in relation to breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer diagnosed during 1980-1982. The authors have documented their methods and rationale, and the results of their data collection efforts as a practical guide for the planning and conduct of large case-control studies. They observed the following: 1) the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program is a useful epidemiologic resource for identifying cases from which to evaluate risk factors for cancer in the United States; 2) random digit dialing is an effective and efficient method for screening for eligible controls for a population-based study; 3) with the cooperation of community pathologists, histologic specimen slides can be retrieved and reviewed for diagnostic confirmation and histologic subclassification of cancer for greater than 95% of the cases interviewed; and 4) data reported during personal interviews of study participants can be validated by reviewing medical records for more than 75% of study participants who reported medical events that occurred during the 10 years before the beginning of the study.
本报告详细介绍了作者开展癌症与类固醇激素研究时所采用的方法。该研究是一项基于人群的多中心病例对照研究，旨在探讨1980年至1982年期间确诊的乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌与口服避孕药使用之间的关系。作者记录了他们的方法和基本原理，以及数据收集工作的结果，作为大型病例对照研究规划和实施的实用指南。他们观察到以下几点：1）监测、流行病学与最终结果计划是美国用于识别病例以评估癌症危险因素的有用流行病学资源；2）随机数字拨号是基于人群研究中筛选合格对照的有效且高效的方法；3）在社区病理学家的合作下，对于超过95%接受访谈的病例，可检索并复查组织学标本玻片，以进行癌症诊断确认和组织学亚分类；4）通过查阅研究参与者的医疗记录，对于超过75%报告了研究开始前10年内发生的医疗事件的研究参与者，可验证其在个人访谈中报告的数据。
