3688Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, Canada.
Int J Health Serv. 2021 Jul;51(3):337-349. doi: 10.1177/00207314211007100. Epub 2021 Apr 5.
To promote postpandemic recovery, many countries have adopted economic packages that include fiscal, monetary, and financial policy measures; however, the effects of these policies may not be known for several years or more. There is an opportunity for decision makers to learn from past policies that facilitated recovery from other disease outbreaks, crises, and natural disasters that have had a devastating effect on economies around the world. To support the development of the United Nations Research Roadmap for COVID-19 Recovery, this review examined and synthesized peer-reviewed studies and gray literature that focused on macroeconomic policy responses and multilateral coalition strategies from past pandemics and crises to provide a map of the existing evidence. We conducted a systematic search of academic and gray literature databases. After screening, we found 22 records that were eligible for this review. The evidence found demonstrates that macroeconomic and multilateral coalition strategies have various impacts on a diverse set of countries and populations. Although the studies were heterogeneous in nature, most did find positive results for macroeconomic intervention policies that addressed investments to strengthen health and social protection systems, specifically cash and unconventional/nonstandard monetary measures, in-kind transfers, social security financing, and measures geared toward certain population groups.
为促进大流行后复苏,许多国家采取了包含财政、货币和金融政策措施的经济一揽子计划;然而,这些政策的效果可能需要数年或更长时间才能显现。决策者现在有机会从过去的政策中吸取经验,这些政策曾在其他疾病暴发、危机和对全球经济造成破坏性影响的自然灾害中促进了复苏。为支持制定《联合国 COVID-19 恢复研究路线图》,本综述审查并综合了同行评议研究和侧重于宏观经济政策应对措施和多边联盟战略的灰色文献,以提供现有证据的图谱。我们对学术和灰色文献数据库进行了系统检索。经过筛选,我们发现有 22 份记录符合本综述的要求。所发现的证据表明,宏观经济和多边联盟战略对不同国家和人群产生了各种影响。尽管这些研究在性质上存在异质性,但大多数研究确实发现,针对加强卫生和社会保护系统的投资的宏观经济干预政策,特别是现金和非传统/非标准货币措施、实物转移、社会保障融资以及针对特定人群的措施,产生了积极的结果。