Murphy Bridget, Parekh Niyati, Vieira Dorice L, O'Connor Joyce A
School of Global Public Health, New York University, USA.
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Langone Health, USA.
Nutr Health. 2022 Mar;28(1):111-122. doi: 10.1177/0260106021996935. Epub 2021 Apr 6.
One of the influencing factors associated with weight gain is overeating as a maladaptive coping strategy to process or avoid the emotional impact of psychological stress. Psychological stress is chronically and pervasively associated with stress stemming from the workplace environment. Workplace wellness interventions have a unique opportunity to change environmental factors impacting psychological stress, which can improve individual food choice and weight management efforts.
To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials on workplace wellness interventions that impact employee psychological stress and food choice or weight management.
A systematic review was completed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Selected studies were limited to English-language articles exploring randomized interventions at workplaces among adult employees and included measurements of psychometric stress and food choice (qualitative or quantitative) or biometric weight management. From the search, 10 studies were included in the final review.
Results were inconsistent across studies. There was no observable association between psychological stress reduction and food choice or weight management. Mid-length interventions (ranging from 6 to 9 months) had more consistent associations between intervention program implementation, reduced psychological stress, and improved food choice or weight management.
The studies examining employee food choices and weight management efforts remained very heterogeneous, indicating that more research is needed in this specific area of employee wellness program planning and measurement. Consistent research methodology and assessment tools are needed to measure dietary intake.
与体重增加相关的影响因素之一是暴饮暴食，这是一种处理或避免心理压力情感影响的适应不良应对策略。心理压力长期且普遍地与工作场所环境产生的压力相关。工作场所健康干预有独特机会改变影响心理压力的环境因素，这可以改善个人食物选择和体重管理效果。
综合来自随机对照试验的证据，这些试验涉及影响员工心理压力以及食物选择或体重管理的工作场所健康干预。
根据系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南完成了一项系统评价。所选研究仅限于探索成年员工工作场所随机干预的英文文章，包括心理压力测量和食物选择（定性或定量）或生物特征体重管理测量。通过检索，最终纳入10项研究进行综述。
各研究结果不一致。心理压力减轻与食物选择或体重管理之间没有可观察到的关联。中等长度的干预（6至9个月）在干预项目实施、心理压力减轻以及食物选择或体重管理改善之间有更一致的关联。
研究员工食物选择和体重管理效果的研究仍然非常异质，表明在员工健康计划规划和测量的这一特定领域需要更多研究。需要一致的研究方法和评估工具来测量饮食摄入量。
