Wyoming State Veterinary Laboratory, University of Wyoming, 1174 Snowy Range Road, Laramie, Wyoming 82070, USA.
Haub School of Natural Resources, University of Wyoming, 804 E Fremont Street, Laramie, Wyoming 82072, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 2021 Apr 1;57(2):313-320. doi: 10.7589/JWD-D-20-00034.
Adenovirus hemorrhagic disease affects primarily mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus canadensis nelsoni), and moose (Alces alces) in their first year of life. The method by which the causative virus, Deer atadenovirus A, is maintained in the environment and transmitted to neonates is unknown. In this study, we investigated the potential transmission of the virus from dam to offspring in Rocky Mountain mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) and elk in western Wyoming, US. We sampled dams before parturition during placement of vaginal implant transmitters and at parturition and sampled neonates during capture in their first days of life. We also tested for the virus in mortalities submitted for pathologic examination and laboratory analysis. We detected viral DNA in samples from all time points tested but did not find a connection between positive dams and offspring mortalities associated with adenovirus hemorrhagic disease. Although we did not find direct evidence of transmission events between dams and offspring, asymptomatic animals shedding of Deer atadenovirus A, are a likely source of infection in neonates.
腺病毒出血病主要影响一岁以下的骡鹿（Odocoileus hemionus）、白尾鹿（Odocoileus virginianus）、落基山麋鹿（Cervus canadensis nelsoni）和驼鹿（Alces alces）。导致这种疾病的病毒——鹿疱疹病毒 A——在环境中是如何维持并传播给新生幼崽的尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们调查了美国怀俄明州西部的落基山骡鹿（Odocoileus hemionus hemionus）和麋鹿中，病毒从母鹿传播给后代的可能性。我们在放置阴道植入式发射器前对临产的母鹿进行采样，并在分娩时以及在新生幼崽出生后的头几天进行捕获时进行采样。我们还对提交进行病理检查和实验室分析的死亡动物进行了病毒检测。我们在所有测试的时间点都检测到了病毒 DNA，但没有发现阳性母鹿与腺病毒出血病相关的后代死亡之间存在联系。虽然我们没有发现母鹿和后代之间直接传播的证据，但无症状的鹿疱疹病毒 A 脱落动物很可能是新生幼崽感染的来源。
