School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Addiction. 2021 Dec;116(12):3531-3540. doi: 10.1111/add.15513. Epub 2021 Apr 25.
This review outlines the important oral implications of tobacco use. The lining of the mouth (oral mucosa), if exposed to tobacco and its products in a susceptible individual, can develop benign, potentially malignant, and malignant tumours. Treatment and prognosis depend on tumour type, how early it is detected, its size and site in the oral cavity and whether it has spread. Advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has a 20% 5-year survival rate. Tobacco use also increases the risk of periodontitis, peri-implantitis, caries, alveolar osteitis and halitosis. Although less life threatening than OSCC, these tobacco related conditions create a substantial financial and health burden for individuals and society. Dental practitioners routinely examine the oral cavity for signs of mucosal and tooth changes, are experienced in recognising variations from normal and have established management and referral pathways. They are also ideally positioned to provide brief interventions to assist their patients to quit smoking.
这篇综述概述了烟草使用的重要口腔影响。口腔黏膜（口腔黏膜）如果在易感染的个体中暴露于烟草及其制品，可能会发展为良性、潜在恶性和恶性肿瘤。治疗和预后取决于肿瘤类型、发现的早晚、肿瘤的大小和位置以及是否已经扩散。晚期口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）的 5 年生存率为 20%。烟草使用还会增加牙周炎、种植体周围炎、龋齿、牙槽骨炎和口臭的风险。虽然这些与烟草相关的疾病没有 OSCC 那样危及生命，但它们会给个人和社会带来巨大的经济和健康负担。牙医通常会检查口腔是否有黏膜和牙齿变化的迹象，他们在识别正常变化方面经验丰富，并建立了管理和转诊途径。他们还非常适合提供简短的干预措施，以帮助他们的患者戒烟。
