Zha Kangkang, Sun Zhiqiang, Yang Yu, Chen Mingxue, Gao Cangjiang, Fu Liwei, Li Hao, Sui Xiang, Guo Quanyi, Liu Shuyun
Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.
Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
Stem Cells Int. 2021 Mar 20;2021:8830834. doi: 10.1155/2021/8830834. eCollection 2021.
Articular cartilage is susceptible to damage, but its self-repair is hindered by its avascular nature. Traditional treatment methods are not able to achieve satisfactory repair effects, and the development of tissue engineering techniques has shed new light on cartilage regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one of the most commonly used seed cells in cartilage tissue engineering. However, MSCs tend to lose their multipotency, and the composition and structure of cartilage-like tissues formed by MSCs are far from those of native cartilage. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop strategies that promote MSC chondrogenic differentiation to give rise to durable and phenotypically correct regenerated cartilage. This review provides an overview of recent advances in enhancement strategies for MSC chondrogenic differentiation, including optimization of bioactive factors, culture conditions, cell type selection, coculture, gene editing, scaffolds, and physical stimulation. This review will aid the further understanding of the MSC chondrogenic differentiation process and enable improvement of MSC-based cartilage tissue engineering.
关节软骨易受损伤，但其无血管的特性阻碍了自身修复。传统治疗方法无法取得令人满意的修复效果，而组织工程技术的发展为软骨再生带来了新希望。间充质干细胞（MSCs）是软骨组织工程中最常用的种子细胞之一。然而，MSCs往往会失去其多能性，并且由MSCs形成的类软骨组织的组成和结构与天然软骨相差甚远。因此，迫切需要开发促进MSCs向软骨细胞分化的策略，以产生持久且表型正确的再生软骨。本文综述了近年来促进MSCs向软骨细胞分化的增强策略的研究进展，包括生物活性因子的优化、培养条件、细胞类型选择、共培养、基因编辑、支架和物理刺激。本文将有助于进一步了解MSCs向软骨细胞分化的过程，并促进基于MSCs的软骨组织工程的改进。
