Liao Hsin-I, Yoneya Makoto, Kashino Makio, Furukawa Shigeto
NTT Communication Science Laboratories, NTT Cooperation,, Japan.
J Eye Mov Res. 2018 Dec 14;11(2). doi: 10.16910/jemr.11.2.13.
There are indications that the pupillary dilation response (PDR) reflects surprising moments in an auditory sequence such as the appearance of a deviant noise against repetitively presented pure tones (4), and salient and loud sounds that are evaluated by human paricipants subjectively (12). In the current study, we further examined whether the reflection of PDR in auditory surprise can be accumulated and revealed in complex and yet structured auditory stimuli, i.e., music, and when the surprise is defined subjectively. Participants listened to 15 excerpts of music while their pupillary responses were recorded. In the surprise-rating session, participants rated how surprising an instance in the excerpt was, i.e., rich in variation versus monotonous, while they listened to it. In the passive-listening session, they listened to the same 15 excerpts again but were not involved in any task. The pupil diameter data obtained from both sessions were time-aligned to the rating data obtained from the surprise-rating session. Results showed that in both sessions, mean pupil diameter was larger at moments rated more surprising than unsurprising. The result suggests that the PDR reflects surprise in music automatically.
有迹象表明，瞳孔扩张反应（PDR）反映了听觉序列中的意外时刻，例如在重复呈现纯音时出现异常噪音（4），以及人类参与者主观评估的突出且响亮的声音（12）。在当前研究中，我们进一步研究了PDR在听觉意外中的反映是否可以在复杂且有结构的听觉刺激（即音乐）中累积并揭示出来，以及当意外是主观定义时的情况。参与者在听15段音乐摘录时记录他们的瞳孔反应。在意外评分环节，参与者在听摘录时对其中某个时刻的意外程度进行评分，即丰富多变与单调乏味的程度。在被动聆听环节，他们再次聆听相同的15段摘录，但不参与任何任务。从两个环节获得的瞳孔直径数据与从意外评分环节获得的评分数据进行时间对齐。结果表明，在两个环节中，被评为比不意外时刻更意外的时刻，平均瞳孔直径更大。该结果表明，PDR会自动反映音乐中的意外。
