前瞻性新冠疫苗：尼日利亚伊巴丹社区成员的支付意愿及认知
The prospective COVID-19 vaccine: willingness to pay and perception of community members in Ibadan, Nigeria.
作者信息
Ilesanmi Olayinka, Afolabi Aanuoluwapo, Uchendu Obioma
机构信息
Department of Community Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria.
Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria.
出版信息
PeerJ. 2021 Mar 26;9:e11153. doi: 10.7717/peerj.11153. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
The introduction of the COVID-19 vaccine necessitates the assessment of individual perception regarding the vaccine. This study aimed to assess the perception of community members and willingness to pay for the prospective COVID-19 vaccine in Ibadan, Nigeria.
METHODS
A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire in September 2020. We studied community members aged 15 years and above using a multi-stage sampling technique. The perceptions of respondents about the COVID-19 vaccine were assessed on eight questions using the five-point Likert scale with a score point of "1" assigned for "Strongly Agree", "2" for "Agree", "3" for "Not decided", "4" for "Disagree", and "5" for "Strongly disagree". During analysis, we reverse-coded the options by assigning a point of "1" for "Strongly disagree", "2" for "Disagree", "3" for "Not decided", "4" for "Agree", and "5" for "Strongly disagree". However, questions asked in the negative directions were not reverse-coded during analysis. Eight questions were used to assess the perception of community members regarding the prospective COVID-19 vaccine, and overall, the maximum point was 40. Points greater than or equal to 32 points (80%) implied positive perception. Descriptive statistics were done. Chi-square tests were used for the assessment of associations between sociodemographic characteristics and willingness to pay for the prospective COVID-19 vaccine. We conducted logistic regression tests on statistically significant variables at -values <0.05.
RESULTS
The mean age of the 440 respondents studied was 37.22 ± 15.36 years, 193 (49.00%) were males, and 292 (67.30%) of the respondents had heard of the prospective COVID-19 vaccine. Among them, 232 (79.50%) respondents had positive perception regarding COVID-19 vaccine. Individuals in the fifth wealth quintile were ten times more likely to be willing to pay for the prospective COVID-19 vaccine compared to those in the first wealth quintile (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 9.57, 95% CI [2.88-31.82], = <0.01).
CONCLUSION
The prospective COVID-19 vaccine should be subsidized or made freely available to everyone.
背景
新冠疫苗的引入需要评估个人对该疫苗的认知。本研究旨在评估尼日利亚伊巴丹社区成员对新冠疫苗的认知以及为其支付费用的意愿。
方法
采用描述性横断面研究设计。2020年9月通过访谈员协助的问卷收集数据。我们使用多阶段抽样技术研究15岁及以上的社区成员。通过八个问题，采用五点李克特量表评估受访者对新冠疫苗的认知，“强烈同意”赋值为“1”，“同意”为“2”，“未决定”为“3”，“不同意”为“4”，“强烈不同意”为“5”。在分析过程中，我们对选项进行反向编码，“强烈不同意”赋值为“1”，“不同意”为“2”，“未决定”为“3”，“同意”为“4”，“强烈同意”为“5”。然而，在分析过程中，以否定形式提出的问题不进行反向编码。使用八个问题评估社区成员对新冠疫苗的认知，总分最高为40分。得分大于或等于32分（80%）表示积极认知。进行描述性统计。采用卡方检验评估社会人口学特征与为新冠疫苗支付费用意愿之间的关联。我们对p值<0.05的统计学显著变量进行逻辑回归检验。
结果
所研究的440名受访者的平均年龄为37.22±15.36岁，193名（49.00%）为男性，292名（67.30%）受访者听说过新冠疫苗。其中，232名（79.50%）受访者对新冠疫苗有积极认知。与最贫困的五分之一人群相比，最富裕的五分之一人群愿意为新冠疫苗付费的可能性高出十倍（调整后的优势比=9.57，95%置信区间[2.88 - 31.82]，p =<0.01）。
结论
应补贴新冠疫苗或使其对所有人免费提供。
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