Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O Box PMB 31, Ho, Ghana.
Centre for Health Policy and Implementation Research, Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Volta Region Ho, Ghana.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Jun 30;22(1):1273. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13602-1.
Over 13 million doses of the corona virus disease, 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have been administered in Ghana as at March, 2022; 28.5% of the population have received one dose while 16.3% have been fully vaccinated. Cost associated with COVID-19 vaccinations in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) requires rethinking on sustainable funding arrangements to consolidate gains made towards containing the COVID-19 pandemic.
Ascertain the determinants of willingness to pay (WTP) for COVID-19 vaccination among adult eligible population in Ghana, and prefer evidence-based policy recommendations on sustainable financing regime for COVID-19 vaccination in the global south.
Setting/design: A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted among adult population aged 18 years and above across the sixteen (16) administrative regions of Ghana.
A sub-sample of 697 participants willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine was used as the unit of analysis.
main outcome measures of interests were willingness to pay for COVID-19 vaccination and the specific amount respondents were willing to pay. The odds of WTP and specific amount were predicted using the step-wise backward logistic regression and backward step-wise OLS, respectively.
A total of 2,107 adult respondents aged 18 years and above were reached out to answer the questionnaire; 1,556 successfully completed the questionnaire, representing 74% response rate. Out of the 1,556 valid responses, 697 said they will receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Out of the 697 sub-sample willing to accept the vaccine, 386 (55%) were willing to pay an average of US$6.00 for the vaccine. Positive predictors of WTP were: being an educated male (OR = 0.55, 95% [CI = 0.366, 0.826], p = 0.004), married and educated (OR = 2.19, 95% [CI = 1.077, 4.445], p = 0.030), being a married health worker (OR = 0.43, 95% [CI = 0.217, 0.845], p = 0.015), and having positive perception of the vaccine (OR = 2.40, 95% [CI = 1.144, 5.054], p = 0.021). High WTP amounts correlated positively with adherence to COVID-19 prevention protocols (Coef. = 10.30, 95% [CI = 0.463, 20.137], p = 0.040) and being a health worker with tertiary education (Coef. = 56.339, 95% [CI = 8.524, 104.154], p = 0.021). Christians who are also health workers by occupation were less likely to pay higher amounts for the vaccine (Coef. = -71.431, 95% [CI = 118.821, -24.040], p = 0.003).
WTP for COVID-19 vaccination in Ghana is low relative to comparative studies in the sub-region. There is the need for accelerated, advocacy and public education on the benefits of vaccination. Likewise, there should be broader stakeholder engagement and national dialogue on sustainable financing options for COVID-19 vaccination as donor support continues to dwindle for LIMCs like Ghana.
截至 2022 年 3 月，加纳已接种超过 1300 万剂 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫苗；28.5%的人口已接种一剂，16.3%已完全接种。中低收入国家（LMICs）的 COVID-19 疫苗接种成本需要重新考虑可持续的融资安排，以巩固遏制 COVID-19 大流行取得的成果。
确定加纳符合条件的成年人口对 COVID-19 疫苗接种的支付意愿（WTP）的决定因素，并就全球南方 COVID-19 疫苗接种的可持续融资机制提出循证政策建议。
设计：在加纳 16 个行政区的成年人群中进行了一项基于网络的横断面调查。
使用愿意接种 COVID-19 疫苗的 697 名参与者作为分析单位。
共联系了 2107 名 18 岁及以上的成年受访者回答问卷；1556 人成功完成问卷，回应率为 74%。使用逐步向后逻辑回归和向后逐步 OLS 分别预测了 WTP 的可能性和具体金额。
加纳 COVID-19 疫苗接种的 WTP 相对该次区域的比较研究较低。需要加快宣传和公众教育，宣传疫苗接种的好处。同样，需要更广泛的利益相关者参与和国家对话，以确定 COVID-19 疫苗接种的可持续融资选择，因为加纳等 LMICs 的捐助者支持继续减少。
