Department of Education and Social Work, Institute for Lifelong Learning and Guidance, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Psychology and Neuropsychology Laboratory, University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France.
Anxiety Stress Coping. 2021 Nov;34(6):672-689. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2021.1908540. Epub 2021 Apr 9.
Meta-analyses indicated detrimental effects on some psychological dimensions from job loss and extended periods of unemployment. This study analyses three phenomena: causes attributed to unemployment; processes for coping with unemployment; and the emotional impact of joblessness. Using an SEM approach, a model is created in which unemployment normalization acts as a mediator between locus of control and emotions. Method: questionnaires from 260 unemployed people in Luxembourg provided data on perceived control, coping, and emotions. Participants who attribute their situation to bad luck, believe more strongly that unemployment is due to external factors beyond their control, and recognize unemployment as being a common occurrence in life. Such cognitive attribution of unemployment has effects on job seekers' emotions. Those who perceive unemployment in a more positive light experience more positive emotions and fewer negative affects. Negative perceptions of unemployment have no effect on the generation of positive emotion, but have an influence on negative affects. Finally, the influence of perceived-control on emotion is not direct, but is mediated by processes of unemployment normalization. Understanding how unemployed people perceive and experience their situations could help them be more effective in their search for new employment.
元分析表明，失业和长期失业会对一些心理维度产生不利影响。本研究分析了三种现象：失业归因；应对失业的过程；以及失业带来的情绪影响。本研究采用结构方程模型（SEM）方法，构建了一个模型，其中失业正常化作为控制点和情绪之间的中介。方法：来自卢森堡的 260 名失业人员的问卷提供了关于感知控制、应对和情绪的数据。将自己的情况归因于运气不好的参与者，更强烈地认为失业是由于外部因素超出了他们的控制，并且认识到失业是生活中常见的现象。这种对失业的认知归因会影响求职者的情绪。那些对失业持更积极看法的人会体验到更多的积极情绪和更少的消极情绪。对失业的消极看法不会影响积极情绪的产生，但会影响消极情绪。最后，感知控制对情绪的影响不是直接的，而是通过失业正常化过程来中介的。了解失业人员如何看待和体验他们的情况，可以帮助他们在寻找新工作时更加有效。
