Rush University College of Nursing, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2021 Oct 13;76(11):1981-1987. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glab106.
Few older adults are able to achieve recommended levels of moderate-vigorous physical activity despite known cognitive benefits. Alternatively, less intense activities such as standing can be easily integrated into daily life. No existing study has examined the impact of free-living standing activity during daily life as measured by a device on cognition in older adults. Our purpose was to examine the association between free-living standing activity and cognitive function in cognitively healthy older adults.
Participants were 98 adults aged 65 years or older from the ongoing MIND trial (NCT02817074) without diagnoses or symptoms of mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Linear regression analyses tested cross-sectional associations between standing activity (duration and intensity from the MoveMonitor+ accelerometer/gyroscope) and cognition (4 cognitive domains constructed from 12 cognitive performance tests).
Participants were on average 69.7 years old (SD = 3.7), 69.4% women, and 73.5% had a college degree or higher. Higher mean intensity of standing activity was significantly associated with higher levels of perceptual speed when adjusting for age, gender, and education level. Each log unit increase in standing activity intensity was associated with 0.72 units higher of perceptual speed (p = .023). When we additionally adjusted for cognitive activities and moderate-vigorous physical activity, and then also for body mass index, depressive symptoms, prescription medication use, and device wear time, the positive association remained.
These findings should be further explored in longitudinal analyses and interventions for cognition that incorporate small changes to free-living activity in addition to promoting moderate-vigorous physical activity.
尽管认知益处已知，但很少有老年人能够达到推荐的中等至剧烈身体活动水平。或者，像站立这样不那么剧烈的活动可以很容易地融入日常生活中。目前尚无研究检查日常生活中通过设备测量的自由站立活动对老年人认知的影响。我们的目的是研究认知健康的老年人中自由站立活动与认知功能之间的关系。
参与者为正在进行的 MIND 试验（NCT02817074）中的 98 名年龄在 65 岁或以上的成年人，他们没有轻度认知障碍或痴呆的诊断或症状。线性回归分析测试了站立活动（来自 MoveMonitor+加速度计/陀螺仪的持续时间和强度）与认知（由 12 项认知表现测试构建的 4 个认知领域）之间的横断面关联。
参与者的平均年龄为 69.7 岁（标准差=3.7），69.4%为女性，73.5%具有大学学历或更高学历。在调整年龄、性别和教育水平后，站立活动强度的平均强度与感知速度的水平呈正相关。站立活动强度每增加一个对数单位与感知速度增加 0.72 个单位相关（p=0.023）。当我们进一步调整认知活动和中高强度体力活动，然后再调整体重指数、抑郁症状、处方药使用和设备佩戴时间时，这种正相关仍然存在。
这些发现应该在进一步的纵向分析和认知干预中进行探索，这些干预除了促进中高强度体力活动外，还应纳入对自由生活活动的小改变。
