Institute of Environmental Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Institute of Environmental Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Environ Int. 2021 Aug;153:106501. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106501. Epub 2021 Apr 6.
Antimicrobial resistance is an increasingly serious threat to public health worldwide. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in human airways and relevant environments has not received significant attention. In this study, abundances of ARGs and microbes from airborne particulate matter, dust, and human airways in a hospital were profiled using high-throughput qPCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. More diverse ARGs and microbes in indoor dust and higher levels of ARGs in particulate matter PM and PM were observed. Macrolides and aminoglycoside resistance genes were the most abundant ARGs in the airway and environmental samples, respectively. Moreover, the co-occurrences of priority pathogens, ARGs, and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were shown by the Network analysis. Campylobacter spp. and Staphylococcus spp. positively correlated with fluoroquinolone (vatC-02, mexD) and β-lactams (blaZ, mecA) resistance genes, respectively. In this regard, based on SourceTracker analysis, inhalable particles contributed to 4.0% to 5.5% of ARGs in human airway samples, suggesting an important exchange between airborne inhalable particles and human commensals. This study may advance knowledge about ARGs in airborne particulate matter and dust associated environments, reveal their potential link between environments and humans, and provide a new sight and fundamental data for ARG risk assessment.
抗生素耐药性是全球公共卫生面临的日益严重的威胁。抗生素耐药基因 (ARGs) 存在于人类气道和相关环境中，但尚未引起足够的重视。在这项研究中，我们使用高通量 qPCR 和 16S rRNA 基因测序技术，分析了医院空气中的颗粒物、灰尘和人类气道中的 ARGs 和微生物丰度。室内灰尘中的 ARGs 和微生物更加多样，颗粒物 PM 和 PM 中的 ARGs 水平更高。大环内酯类和氨基糖苷类耐药基因分别是气道和环境样本中最丰富的 ARGs。此外，网络分析显示了优先病原体、ARGs 和可移动遗传元件 (MGEs) 的共同出现。弯曲杆菌属和葡萄球菌属分别与氟喹诺酮类 (vatC-02、mexD) 和β-内酰胺类 (blaZ、mecA) 耐药基因呈正相关。在这方面，基于 SourceTracker 分析，可吸入颗粒物对人类气道样本中 ARGs 的贡献为 4.0%至 5.5%，这表明空气中可吸入颗粒物与人类共生菌之间存在重要的交换。本研究可能有助于了解与空气传播颗粒物和灰尘相关的环境中的 ARGs，揭示它们与人类之间的潜在联系，并为 ARG 风险评估提供新的视角和基础数据。
