Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, India.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2021 Mar 31;15(3):333-341. doi: 10.3855/jidc.13698.
The study of epidemiological outcomes of COVID-19 in the affected countries needs to be conducted to implement an effective strategy.
Our study included age and sex-based analysis of epidemiological data of infected and deceased patients from various countries. The patient data was graphically depicted with the slope's calculation to describe a gradual or steep spread of the disease along with subsequent rise or fall in the death reports.
Population groups of 20-49 years of age and 50 years-above were highly vulnerable to infection. Interestingly, 20-49 years of age group was most affected in India. However, higher population of the deceased were reported in the 50 years-above in all countries. India and South Korea demonstrated a gradual appearance of COVID-19 positive cases than other countries illustrated by reduced slope %. Further the highest percentage of infected people and deaths were reported from the densely populated states of India. We observed a sex independent prevalence of COVID-19. The BCG and JE vaccine are unique in the vaccination regime of India and South Korea.
Reduced ACE-2 expression in the children's nasal epithelium may be responsible for reduced SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility. Countries showed varying patterns in COVID-19 spread and associated mortality. It may be influenced by factors, such as screening strategy, countries demography, implementation of lockdown, etc. Due to limited evidence, it would be difficult to point to the influence of the virus on either sexes. Although vaccines may stimulate non-specific immunity, experimental proofs are needed to demonstrate the potential of any vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.
为了实施有效的策略，需要研究受影响国家 COVID-19 的流行病学结果。
我们的研究包括对来自不同国家的感染和死亡患者的流行病学数据进行年龄和性别分析。使用斜率计算对患者数据进行图形描述，以描述疾病的逐渐或急剧传播以及随后死亡报告的上升或下降。
20-49 岁和 50 岁以上的人群群体极易感染。有趣的是，印度 20-49 岁年龄组受影响最大。然而，所有国家的 50 岁以上人群的死亡人数报告都较高。印度和韩国的 COVID-19 阳性病例出现逐渐增加的趋势，斜率百分比降低，表明情况有所改善。进一步的报告显示，印度人口稠密的邦报告的感染人数和死亡人数最多。我们观察到 COVID-19 的发病率与性别无关。印度和韩国的疫苗接种计划中独特的疫苗包括卡介苗和日本脑炎疫苗。
儿童鼻上皮中 ACE-2 表达减少可能是导致 SARS-CoV-2 易感性降低的原因。各国在 COVID-19 传播和相关死亡率方面表现出不同的模式。这可能受到筛选策略、国家人口统计学、封锁实施等因素的影响。由于证据有限，因此难以指出病毒对任何性别的影响。尽管疫苗可能会刺激非特异性免疫，但需要实验证明任何疫苗对 SARS-CoV-2 的潜在作用。
