Kim Juensung J, Munroe Melanie, Feng Zhe, Morris Stephanie, Al-Refae Mohamed, Antonacci Rebecca, Ferrari Michel
Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Front Psychol. 2021 Mar 24;12:648060. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.648060. eCollection 2021.
The physical distancing measures necessitated by COVID-19 have resulted in a severe withdrawal from the patterns of daily life, necessitating significantly reduced contact with other people. To many, such withdrawal can be a major cause of distress. But, to some, this sort of withdrawal is an integral part of growth, a pathway to a more enriching life. The present study uses a sequential explanatory QUAN-qual design to investigate whether people who felt that their lives had changed for the better after being forced to engage in physical distancing, what factors predicted such well-being, and how they spent their time to generate this sense of well-being. We invited 614 participants who reported closely following physical distancing recommendations to complete a survey exploring this topic. Our analyses, after controlling for all other variables in the regression model, found a greater positive association between presence of meaning in life, coping style, and self-transcendent wisdom and residualized current well-being accounting for retrospective assessments of well-being prior to physical distancing. An extreme-case content analysis of participants' personal projects found that participants with low self-transcendent wisdom reported more survival-oriented projects (e.g., acquiring groceries or engaging in distracting entertainments), while participants reporting high self-transcendent wisdom reported more projects involving deepening interactions with other people, especially family. Our findings suggest a more nuanced pathway from adversity to a deeper sense of well-being by showing the importance of not merely coping with adversity, but truly transcending it.
新冠疫情所要求的物理距离措施导致人们严重脱离日常生活模式,与他人的接触大幅减少。对许多人来说,这种脱离可能是痛苦的主要原因。但对一些人来说,这种脱离是成长的一个组成部分,是通往更丰富生活的一条途径。本研究采用序列解释性混合方法设计(定量-定性)来调查那些在被迫保持物理距离后感觉生活变得更好的人,预测这种幸福感的因素是什么,以及他们如何利用时间来产生这种幸福感。我们邀请了614名报告严格遵循物理距离建议的参与者完成一项探索该主题的调查。在控制回归模型中的所有其他变量后,我们的分析发现,生活意义的存在、应对方式和自我超越智慧与排除物理距离之前幸福感的回顾性评估后的剩余当前幸福感之间存在更强的正相关。对参与者个人计划的极端案例内容分析发现,自我超越智慧低的参与者报告了更多以生存为导向的计划(如购买食品杂货或参与分散注意力的娱乐活动),而自我超越智慧高的参与者报告了更多涉及深化与他人,尤其是家人互动的计划。我们的研究结果表明,从逆境到更深层次的幸福感存在一条更细微的途径,它表明不仅要应对逆境,更要真正超越逆境的重要性。