Hernández Duran Linda, Wilson David Thomas, Briffa Mark, Rymer Tasmin Lee
College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Cairns Qld Australia.
Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Sciences James Cook University Cairns Qld Australia.
Ecol Evol. 2021 Mar 5;11(7):2974-2989. doi: 10.1002/ece3.7243. eCollection 2021 Apr.
Spiders are useful models for testing different hypotheses and methodologies relating to animal personality and behavioral syndromes because they show a range of behavioral types and unique physiological traits (e.g., silk and venom) that are not observed in many other animals. These characteristics allow for a unique understanding of how physiology, behavioral plasticity, and personality interact across different contexts to affect spider's individual fitness and survival. However, the relative effect of extrinsic factors on physiological traits (silk, venom, and neurohormones) that play an important role in spider survival, and which may impact personality, has received less attention. The goal of this review is to explore how the environment, experience, ontogeny, and physiology interact to affect spider personality types across different contexts. We highlight physiological traits, such as neurohormones, and unique spider biochemical weapons, namely silks and venoms, to explore how the use of these traits might, or might not, be constrained or limited by particular behavioral types. We argue that, to develop a comprehensive understanding of the flexibility and persistence of specific behavioral types in spiders, it is necessary to incorporate these underlying mechanisms into a synthesized whole, alongside other extrinsic and intrinsic factors.
蜘蛛是用于测试与动物个性和行为综合征相关的不同假设和方法的有用模型，因为它们表现出一系列行为类型以及许多其他动物所没有的独特生理特征（例如蛛丝和毒液）。这些特征有助于我们独特地理解生理学、行为可塑性和个性如何在不同情境中相互作用，从而影响蜘蛛的个体适应性和生存。然而，外部因素对在蜘蛛生存中起重要作用且可能影响个性的生理特征（蛛丝、毒液和神经激素）的相对影响却较少受到关注。本综述的目的是探讨环境、经验、个体发育和生理学如何相互作用，以在不同情境中影响蜘蛛的个性类型。我们重点关注神经激素等生理特征以及蜘蛛独特的生化武器，即蛛丝和毒液，以探讨这些特征的使用可能会或可能不会受到特定行为类型的何种限制。我们认为，要全面理解蜘蛛特定行为类型的灵活性和持久性，有必要将这些潜在机制与其他外部和内部因素整合为一个综合整体。
