Ekeanyanwu Raphael Chukwuma, Nkwocha Chinelo Chinenye, Ekeanyanwu Chidinma Lynda
Department of Biochemistry, Imo State University Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
IBRO Neurosci Rep. 2021 Jan 21;10:66-74. doi: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2021.01.001. eCollection 2021 Jun.
and are two underutilised spices that are hypothesized to be important in the management and treatment of certain stress-induced diseases such as depression. The present study was designed to test the anti-depressant effects of the essential oils of (EOMM) and (EOXA) and the possible underlying mechanisms in a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) - induced depression in the rat. Forty-two male Wistar rats were assigned to seven groups (n = 6); group I received corn oil (p.o, unstressed control), group II (stressed control) administered corn oil, groups III-IV received EOMM (150 & 300 mg/kg, p.o), groups V - VI received EOXA (150 & 300 mg/kg, p.o) whereas group VII had fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, p.o in d/w). Corn oil served as the vehicle for the delivery of the essential oils and the doses were administered via gastric intubation to rat once daily for six consecutive weeks from the 2nd week. Open-field, tail suspension (TST), and forced swimming (FST) tests were used to evaluate the behavioural activity in addition to the biochemical parameters (catalase, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, monoamine oxidase, corticosterone, protein carbonyl compound, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide). The result showed that the administration of EOMM (150 and 300 mg/kg b.wt.) and EOXA (150 and 300 mg/kg b.wt.) during CUMS significantly ameliorated these behavioural activities and some biochemical parameters in rats. EOMM and EOXA exhibited significant antidepressant-like effects in a rat model of CUMS. At treatment doses of especially 300 mg/kg b.wt, the antidepressant effects of EOMM and EOXA are comparable to a standard antidepressant drug, fluoxetine (Prozac ™). The EOXA especially at a dose of 300 mg/kg b.wt is more effective than EOMM even at 300 mg/kg dose level in ameliorating depression in stressed rats. In conclusion, the study revealed that both the EOXA and EOMM relieved depression-like states through the mitigation of oxidative stress with a reduction in serum Corticosterone (CORT) and brain Monoamine Oxidase-A (MAO-A) levels.
[两种香料名称]和[两种香料名称]是两种未得到充分利用的香料，据推测它们在某些应激诱导的疾病（如抑郁症）的管理和治疗中具有重要作用。本研究旨在测试[一种香料名称]精油（EOMM）和[另一种香料名称]精油（EOXA）的抗抑郁作用以及在大鼠慢性不可预测轻度应激（CUMS）诱导的抑郁症中可能的潜在机制。42只雄性Wistar大鼠被分为7组（n = 6）；第一组接受玉米油（口服，未应激对照），第二组（应激对照）给予玉米油，第三至四组接受EOMM（150和300 mg/kg，口服），第五至六组接受EOXA（150和300 mg/kg，口服），而第七组给予氟西汀（10 mg/kg，溶于蒸馏水口服）。玉米油用作精油给药的载体，从第2周开始连续6周每天经胃插管给大鼠给药一次。除了生化参数（过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、还原型谷胱甘肽、单胺氧化酶、皮质酮、蛋白质羰基化合物、丙二醛和一氧化氮）外，还使用旷场试验、悬尾试验（TST）和强迫游泳试验（FST）来评估行为活动。结果表明，在CUMS期间给予EOMM（150和300 mg/kg体重）和EOXA（150和300 mg/kg体重）可显著改善大鼠的这些行为活动和一些生化参数。EOMM和EOXA在CUMS大鼠模型中表现出显著的抗抑郁样作用。特别是在300 mg/kg体重的治疗剂量下，EOMM和EOXA的抗抑郁作用与标准抗抑郁药物氟西汀（百忧解™）相当。即使在300 mg/kg剂量水平，EOXA特别是在300 mg/kg体重的剂量下，在改善应激大鼠的抑郁症方面比EOMM更有效。总之，该研究表明，EOXA和EOMM均通过减轻氧化应激以及降低血清皮质酮（CORT）和脑单胺氧化酶-A（MAO-A）水平来缓解抑郁样状态。
