Enteric Virus Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, School of Biology, and Institute of Nutrition and Safety, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Present Address: Division of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
Virulence. 2021 Dec;12(1):1174-1185. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1910442.
Hepatitis A is an acute infection of the liver, which is mostly asymptomatic in children and increases the severity with age. Although in most patients the infection resolves completely, in a few of them it may follow a prolonged or relapsed course or even a fulminant form. The reason for these different outcomes is unknown, but it is generally accepted that host factors such as the immunological status, age and the occurrence of underlaying hepatic diseases are the main determinants of the severity. However, it cannot be ruled out that some virus traits may also contribute to the severe clinical outcomes. In this review, we will analyze which genetic determinants of the virus may determine virulence, in the context of a paradigmatic virus in terms of its genomic, molecular, replicative, and evolutionary features.
甲型肝炎是一种肝脏的急性感染，在儿童中大多数无症状，并随着年龄的增长而加重。虽然在大多数患者中感染会完全消退，但在少数患者中，它可能会出现延长或复发的过程，甚至是暴发性的形式。这些不同结果的原因尚不清楚，但人们普遍认为宿主因素如免疫状态、年龄和潜在的肝脏疾病是严重程度的主要决定因素。然而，不能排除某些病毒特征也可能导致严重的临床后果。在这篇综述中，我们将分析病毒的哪些遗传决定因素可能决定其毒力，这是一个具有代表性的病毒，从其基因组、分子、复制和进化特征来看。
