Department of Pharmacology, Upstate Medical University.
Department of Neurology, Upstate Medical University.
J Vis Exp. 2021 Mar 27(169). doi: 10.3791/62256.
Patients with ion channelopathies are at a high risk of developing seizures and fatal cardiac arrhythmias. There is a higher prevalence of heart disease and arrhythmias in people with epilepsy (i.e., epileptic heart.) Additionally, cardiac and autonomic disturbances have been reported surrounding seizures. 1:1,000 epilepsy patients/year die of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). The mechanisms for SUDEP remain incompletely understood. Electroencephalograms (EEG) and electrocardiograms (ECG) are two techniques routinely used in the clinical setting to detect and study the substrates/triggers for seizures and arrhythmias. While many studies and descriptions of this methodology are in rodents, their cardiac electrical activity differs significantly from humans. This article provides a description of a non-invasive method for recording simultaneous video-EEG-ECG-oximetry-capnography in conscious rabbits. As cardiac electrical function is similar in rabbits and humans, rabbits provide an excellent model of translational diagnostic and therapeutic studies. In addition to outlining the methodology for data acquisition, we discuss the analytical approaches for examining neuro-cardiac electrical function and pathology in rabbits. This includes arrhythmia detection, spectral analysis of EEG and a seizure scale developed for restrained rabbits.
患有离子通道病的患者发生癫痫发作和致命性心律失常的风险很高。患有癫痫症的人（即癫痫性心脏病）心脏病和心律失常的发病率更高。此外，在癫痫发作周围已经报道了心脏和自主神经紊乱。每年有 1/1000 的癫痫患者死于癫痫猝死 (SUDEP)。SUDEP 的机制仍不完全清楚。脑电图 (EEG) 和心电图 (ECG) 是临床中常用的两种技术，用于检测和研究癫痫发作和心律失常的底物/触发因素。虽然有许多关于这种方法的研究和描述都是在啮齿动物中进行的，但它们的心脏电活动与人类有很大的不同。本文提供了一种在清醒兔中同时记录视频-EEG-ECG-血氧饱和度-二氧化碳描记图的非侵入性方法的描述。由于兔子和人类的心脏电功能相似，因此兔子提供了一个出色的转化诊断和治疗研究模型。除了概述数据采集的方法外，我们还讨论了用于检查兔子的神经心脏电功能和病理学的分析方法。这包括心律失常检测、EEG 的频谱分析以及为束缚兔开发的癫痫发作量表。
