Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, and.
Department Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2021 Aug;65(2):134-145. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0550TR.
Metabolism is essential for a living organism to sustain life. It provides energy to a cell by breaking down compounds (catabolism) and supplies building blocks for the synthesis of macromolecules (anabolism). Signal transduction pathways tightly regulate mammalian cellular metabolism. Simultaneously, metabolism itself serves as a signaling pathway to control many cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, cell death, gene expression, and adaptation to stress. Considerable progress in the metabolism field has come from understanding how cancer cells co-opt metabolic pathways for growth and survival. Recent data also show that several metabolic pathways may participate in the pathogenesis of lung diseases, some of which could be promising therapeutic targets. In this translational review, we will outline the basic metabolic principles learned from the cancer metabolism field as they apply to the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension and fibrosis and will place an emphasis on therapeutic potential.
代谢对于维持生物体的生命至关重要。它通过分解化合物（分解代谢）为细胞提供能量，并为大分子的合成提供构建块（合成代谢）。信号转导途径严格调节哺乳动物细胞的新陈代谢。同时，代谢本身也可以作为一种信号通路来控制许多细胞过程，如增殖、分化、细胞死亡、基因表达以及对压力的适应。对代谢领域的深入研究揭示了癌细胞如何利用代谢途径来促进生长和生存。最近的数据还表明，几种代谢途径可能参与了肺部疾病的发病机制，其中一些可能是很有前途的治疗靶点。在这篇转化综述中，我们将概述从癌症代谢领域学到的基本代谢原则，这些原则适用于肺动脉高压和肺纤维化的发病机制，并将重点放在治疗潜力上。
