DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa.
J Mol Biol. 2021 Jun 25;433(13):166984. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.166984. Epub 2021 Apr 22.
Tuberculosis (TB) disease remains a major health crisis. Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) cause a range of diseases ranging from latent infection to active TB disease. This active state of the disease is characterised by the formation of granulomas (a physical barrier in the lung), a structure thought to protect the host by controlling the infection through preventing the growth of the bacilli. Subsequently, the surviving bacteria become inactive and in most cases, TB reactivation is prevented by the immune response of the host. B-cells perform numerous immunological functions beyond antibody production to positively regulate the response to pathogenic assault. A subgroup of B-cells with regulatory functions express death-inducing ligands, such as Fas ligand (FasL). Expression and interaction of the Fas receptor-ligand promotes the induction of apoptosis and the induction of T-cell tolerance. Here, we focus on the significance of B-cells by addressing their FasL phenotype and regulatory functions during TB, with reference to disease in humans, non-human primates and mice.
结核病（TB）仍然是一个主要的健康危机。感染结核分枝杆菌（M.tb）会导致一系列疾病，从潜伏感染到活动性结核病。这种疾病的活跃状态的特征是形成肉芽肿（肺部的物理屏障），这种结构被认为通过防止细菌生长来控制感染，从而保护宿主。随后，存活的细菌变得不活跃，在大多数情况下，宿主的免疫反应阻止了结核病的再激活。B 细胞除了产生抗体之外，还具有许多免疫功能，以积极调节对病原体攻击的反应。具有调节功能的 B 细胞亚群表达诱导细胞死亡的配体，如 Fas 配体（FasL）。Fas 受体-配体的表达和相互作用促进了细胞凋亡的诱导和 T 细胞耐受的诱导。在这里，我们通过研究 FasL 表型和 TB 期间的调节功能来关注 B 细胞的意义，并参考了人类、非人类灵长类动物和小鼠的疾病。
