Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2021 Aug;30(4):821-833. doi: 10.1111/inm.12854. Epub 2021 Apr 13.
The purpose of this integrative review was to analyse the current situation of bullying in nursing students through an exhaustive review of the last 10 years. As the sources of information, we used electronic databases, such as Medline, CINAHL, PubMed, Cochrane, and SciELO, using bullying, nursing students, and clinical environment as search terms. We based the methodology of the study in PRISMA checklist. Articles were selected for their relevance and suitability for the purpose, and they were constructed into a table. A critical appraisal was done using MMAT TOOL and AACOODS checklist. Papers were analysed using a constant comparison and a concept mapping. Finally, 30 articles were included. We analysed: prevalence, profile of the victim and perpetrator, type of violence, and bullying consequences. Bullying prevalence varied from 9-96% according to the author. Differences about the influence of sociodemographic variables were detected, there is no consensus about age, gender, or educational level. Bullying in nursing students is an important problem that affects all spheres of their life. Harassment also has consequences for the patient and for the health organization, so it is really important to take action regarding bullying and to act to victims, perpetrators, and health organizations. Regarding to implications for nursing practice, we found that some interventions were useful to reduce bullying, so it is important to participate in intervention programmes to eventually stop this problem. This study has revealed that more research on the efficacy of psychological intervention programmes to help students cope with bullying situations is essential.
本次综合回顾的目的是通过对过去 10 年的全面回顾，分析护理学生中欺凌现象的现状。作为信息来源，我们使用了电子数据库，如 Medline、CINAHL、PubMed、Cochrane 和 SciELO，使用了欺凌、护理学生和临床环境作为搜索词。我们的研究方法基于 PRISMA 清单。根据相关性和对目的的适用性选择文章，并将其构建成表格。使用 MMAT TOOL 和 AACOODS 清单对研究进行批判性评估。使用恒定性比较和概念映射分析论文。最后，纳入了 30 篇文章。我们分析了：流行率、受害者和施害者的特征、暴力类型以及欺凌的后果。根据作者的不同，欺凌的流行率从 9%到 96%不等。还发现了社会人口统计学变量影响的差异，对于年龄、性别或教育水平没有共识。护理学生中的欺凌是一个重要问题，影响他们生活的各个方面。骚扰对患者和卫生组织也有后果，因此，针对欺凌问题采取行动，为受害者、施害者和卫生组织采取行动非常重要。关于对护理实践的影响，我们发现一些干预措施对减少欺凌很有用，因此，重要的是要参与干预计划，最终停止这一问题。这项研究表明，对于帮助学生应对欺凌情况的心理干预计划的功效的研究至关重要。
