Department of Plant Protection and Environment, National School of Agriculture-Meknes/ENA, Meknes, Morocco.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco.
Redox Rep. 2021 Dec;26(1):71-79. doi: 10.1080/13510002.2021.1913374.
Oxidative stress is the result of cellular troubles related to aerobic metabolism. Furthermore, this stress is always associated with biological responses evoked by physical, chemical, environmental, and psychological factors. Several studies have developed many approaches of antioxidant defense to diminish the severity of many diseases. Ghrelin was originally identified from the rat stomach, and it is a potent growth hormone-releasing peptide that has pleiotropic functions.
A systematic review was conducted within PubMed, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases using keywords such as ghrelin, antioxidant, oxidative stress, and systemic oxidative stress sensor.
In the last decade, many studies show that ghrelin exhibits protection effects against oxidative stress derived probably from its antioxidant effects. Pieces of evidence demonstrate that systemic oxidative stress increase ghrelin levels in the plasma. The expression of ghrelin and its receptor in ghrelin peripheral tissues and extensively in the central nervous system suggests that this endogenous peptide plays an important role as a systemic oxidative stress sensor.
The current evidence confirms that ghrelin and its derived peptides (Desacyl-ghrelin, obestatin) act as a protective antioxidant agent. Therefore, stressor modality, duration, and intensity are the parameters of oxidative stress that must be taken into consideration to determine the role of ghrelin, Desacyl-ghrelin, and obestatin in the regulation of cell death pathways.
氧化应激是与需氧代谢有关的细胞紊乱的结果。此外，这种应激总是与由物理、化学、环境和心理因素引起的生物反应有关。许多研究已经开发出许多抗氧化防御方法来减轻许多疾病的严重程度。Ghrelin 最初是从大鼠胃中鉴定出来的，它是一种有效的生长激素释放肽，具有多种功能。
在 PubMed、ScienceDirect、MEDLINE 和 Scopus 数据库中使用 ghrelin、抗氧化剂、氧化应激和全身氧化应激传感器等关键词进行系统评价。
在过去的十年中，许多研究表明，ghrelin 可能因其抗氧化作用而表现出对氧化应激的保护作用。有证据表明，全身氧化应激会增加血浆中 ghrelin 的水平。Ghrelin 及其受体在 ghrelin 外周组织中的表达以及在中枢神经系统中的广泛表达表明，这种内源性肽作为全身氧化应激传感器发挥着重要作用。
目前的证据证实，ghrelin 及其衍生肽（去酰基 ghrelin、obestatin）作为一种保护性抗氧化剂。因此，应激方式、持续时间和强度是氧化应激的参数，必须考虑这些参数来确定 ghrelin、去酰基 ghrelin 和 obestatin 在调节细胞死亡途径中的作用。
