Peters N L, Meiklejohn G, Jahnigen D W
Department of Medicine, Denver Veterans Administration Medical Center, CO 80220.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1988 Jul;36(7):593-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb06152.x.
Recent reports have suggested that the antibody response of elderly persons to standard doses of influenza vaccine is depressed. We examined the effect of an additional threefold dose of influenza B vaccine on the antibody response in elderly, ambulatory veterans. One hundred thirty-one male subjects aged 70 years and older were randomized to receive one of three influenza vaccine regimens: Group I received standard trivalent influenza vaccine containing 15 micrograms of B/USSR/100/83 in one arm and placebo in the other; Group II received standard trivalent vaccine in one arm and a supplemental dose of 45 micrograms of B/USSR in the other; Group III received the same dose as group II combined in one arm with a placebo in the other. Antibody levels were measured at baseline, 1 month, and 5 months. Nearly 80% of the participants achieved levels of antibody to B/USSR considered protective; seroconversion rates varied from 40% to 61%. No significant differences in antibody response to B/USSR occurred among the vaccine groups, and there were more side effects at higher doses. The higher dose groups did, however, achieve greater antibody levels to the drifted influenza B virus which circulated during the year of the study. Response to the influenza A components of the vaccine, however, may have been blunted in Group III which received a large dose of A and B antigens all at one site.
近期报告表明，老年人对标准剂量流感疫苗的抗体反应较弱。我们研究了额外三倍剂量的乙型流感疫苗对老年门诊退伍军人抗体反应的影响。131名70岁及以上的男性受试者被随机分配接受三种流感疫苗接种方案之一：第一组在一侧手臂接种含15微克B/USSR/100/83的标准三价流感疫苗，另一侧接种安慰剂；第二组在一侧手臂接种标准三价疫苗，另一侧接种45微克B/USSR补充剂量；第三组在一侧手臂接种与第二组相同剂量的疫苗，另一侧接种安慰剂。在基线、1个月和5个月时测量抗体水平。近80%的参与者达到了被认为具有保护性的针对B/USSR的抗体水平；血清转化率在40%至61%之间。各疫苗组对B/USSR的抗体反应无显著差异，且较高剂量组有更多副作用。然而，较高剂量组对研究当年流行的变异乙型流感病毒产生了更高的抗体水平。然而，在一个部位同时接种大剂量甲型和乙型抗原的第三组中，对疫苗甲型成分的反应可能受到了抑制。
