Division of Microbiology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Division of Microbiology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
Drugs Today (Barc). 2021 Apr;57(4):251-263. doi: 10.1358/dot.2021.57.4.3251712.
Chagas disease is a vector-borne neglected tropical disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. It is a systemic and chronic parasitic infection which is endemic in 21 countries with 10 million cases worldwide and 12,000 annual deaths. Around 70 million people in the Americas are at risk of contracting this disease, and less than 1% of infected people are treated due to low disease awareness and limited access to treatment. The current treatment for Chagas disease consists of benznidazole and nifurtimox under the World Health Organization (WHO) authorization protocol. The current treatment has limitations in terms of efficacy against the chronic phase of infection and side effects associated with prolonged therapy. This review provides an update on nifurtimox progress over the years and its recent approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2020 for the treatment of Chagas disease in pediatric patients under 18 years of age.
恰加斯病是一种由克氏锥虫引起的经媒介传播的被忽视的热带病。它是一种全身性和慢性寄生虫感染，在 21 个国家流行，全球有 1000 万病例，每年有 1.2 万人死亡。美洲约有 7000 万人有感染这种疾病的风险，由于对疾病的认识不足和获得治疗的机会有限，只有不到 1%的感染者得到治疗。目前，根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的授权方案，使用苯硝唑和硝呋替莫治疗恰加斯病。目前的治疗方法在疗效方面存在局限性，对感染的慢性期效果不佳，且与长期治疗相关的副作用较多。本文综述了硝呋替莫近年来的研究进展及其在 2020 年获得美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准，用于治疗 18 岁以下儿童恰加斯病。
