School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2022 May 17;56(10):6113-6122. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00062. Epub 2021 Apr 14.
Perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFSAs), perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs), and emerging alternatives and precursors of these compounds were determined in tissues of finless porpoise () collected from East China Sea in 2009-2010 and 2018-2019. The median hepatic concentrations of emerging poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), including 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (6:2 Cl-PFESA), 8:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (8:2 Cl-PFESA), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-propanoate (HFPO-DA), and 4,8-dioxa-3-perfluorononanoate (ADONA) were 16.2, 2.16, < LOQ (limit of quantification) and < LOQ ng/g ww (wet weight), respectively. The concentrations of legacy substances, perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), were 86.9 and 1.95 ng/g ww, respectively. The liver concentrations of 6:2 Cl-PFESA, HFPO-DA, and perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS) increased with time between 2009-2010 and 2018-2019. Further, concentrations of PFOA showed a declining trend in finless porpoise, whereas PFOS and its precursor (i.e., perfluorooctane sulfonamide [FOSA]) showed an increasing trend with time between 2009-2010 and 2018-2019. Analysis of PFASs in nine different tissues/organs of finless porpoise (i.e., liver, heart, intestine, spleen, kidney, stomach, lung, muscle, and skin) revealed a similar distribution pattern between 6:2 Cl-PFESA and PFOS; however, the tissue distribution patterns differed between HFPO-DA and PFOA. The concentrations of PFAS alternatives in kidney were similar or lower than the prototype compounds PFOS and PFOA (i.e., 8:2 Cl-PFESA < 6:2 Cl-PFESA ≈ PFOS; HFPO-DA < PFOA), implying slow renal excretion of PFAS alternatives as that of legacy PFASs. The estimates of body burdens of PFASs in porpoises suggested comparable accumulation of PFAS alternatives and legacy PFSAs and PFCAs. This study provides novel information on temporal trends and tissue distribution of emerging PFASs in marine mammals in China.
本研究于 2009-2010 年和 2018-2019 年采集了来自东海的江豚组织样本，检测了其中全氟烷基磺酸盐（PFSAs）、全氟烷基羧酸（PFCAs）及其新兴替代品和前体物质的浓度。研究结果表明，6:2 氯代多氟醚磺酸（6:2 Cl-PFESA）、8:2 氯代多氟醚磺酸（8:2 Cl-PFESA）、2,3,3,3-四氟-2-丙醇（HFPO-DA）和 4,8-二氧杂-3-全氟壬酸（ADONA）等新兴多氟和全氟烷基物质（PFASs）的肝浓度中位数分别为 16.2、2.16、< 定量下限（定量下限）和 < 定量下限 ng/g ww（湿重）。而传统物质全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）和全氟辛酸（PFOA）的浓度分别为 86.9 和 1.95 ng/g ww。6:2 Cl-PFESA、HFPO-DA 和全氟己烷磺酸（PFHxS）的肝浓度随时间推移在 2009-2010 年和 2018-2019 年之间呈上升趋势。此外，江豚体内 PFOA 的浓度呈下降趋势，而 PFOS 及其前体（即全氟辛烷磺酰胺[FOSA]）的浓度则随时间推移呈上升趋势。对江豚 9 种不同组织/器官（肝、心、肠、脾、肾、胃、肺、肌肉和皮肤）中的 PFASs 进行分析，结果表明 6:2 Cl-PFESA 和 PFOS 之间存在相似的分布模式；然而，HFPO-DA 和 PFOA 之间的组织分布模式则有所不同。肾组织中 PFAS 替代品的浓度与原型化合物 PFOS 和 PFOA 相似或更低（即 8:2 Cl-PFESA < 6:2 Cl-PFESA ≈ PFOS；HFPO-DA < PFOA），这表明 PFAS 替代品的肾脏排泄速度与传统 PFASs 相似。对江豚体内 PFAS 负荷的估计表明，PFAS 替代品和传统 PFSAs 和 PFCAs 的积累程度相当。本研究为中国海洋哺乳动物中新兴 PFASs 的时间趋势和组织分布提供了新的信息。
