School of Nursing, Department of Community Health Systems, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA.
Asian American Research Center on Health (ARCH), UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2022 Jun;9(3):979-991. doi: 10.1007/s40615-021-01037-0. Epub 2021 Apr 14.
Understanding concerns for receiving COVID-19 vaccines is key to ensuring appropriately tailored health communications to increase vaccine uptake. However, limited data exists about vaccine concerns among Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPI).
Data from the COVID-19 Effects on the Mental and Physical Health of AAPI Survey Study (COMPASS), a cross-sectional, national survey for AAPI adults in the U.S. were used (N=1,646). Descriptive statistics were used to assess sample characteristics including proportions of AAPI with various COVID-19 vaccine concerns, categorized as none, side-effects only, unsafe only, and multiple reasons, and differences in vaccine concerns by socio-demographics. Ordinary multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate associations between a characteristic and having any vaccine concerns.
Overall, 76% of the respondents reported having at ≥1 concerns about the vaccine. The most common concern was side effects (65%). Vietnamese Americans reported less concerns (vs. Chinese Americans). Those who were 30-39 and 40-49 years old (vs. <30), females (vs. males), and experienced mild negative impacts from COVID-19 on family income/employment (vs. no change) reported more concerns about the vaccine. Those who had less vaccine concerns were those who reported higher (vs. low) health status, ≥60 years old (vs. <30), and separated/divorced/widowed (vs. single).
AAPI is a diverse population and this study revealed differences in vaccine concerns across AAPI groups. Findings revealed potential targets for patient education needs. Effective strategies to address various vaccine concerns across subgroups of AAPI will be crucial to ensure equity in vaccination uptake.
了解民众对接种新冠疫苗的顾虑对于确保有针对性地开展卫生宣传以提高疫苗接种率至关重要。然而，关于亚太裔美国人（AAPI）对疫苗的顾虑的数据有限。
本研究使用了美国亚太裔成年人的新冠疫情对身心健康影响调查研究（COMPASS）的横断面全国性调查数据（N=1646）。使用描述性统计评估了样本特征，包括有不同新冠疫苗顾虑的 AAPI 比例，分为无顾虑、仅担心副作用、仅担心不安全和多种原因，并按社会人口统计学特征分析了疫苗顾虑的差异。采用普通多变量逻辑回归分析评估了一个特征与存在任何疫苗顾虑之间的关联。
总体而言，76%的受访者报告对疫苗有至少一种顾虑。最常见的顾虑是副作用（65%）。越南裔美国人报告的顾虑较少（与华裔美国人相比）。30-39 岁和 40-49 岁的受访者（与<30 岁的受访者相比）、女性（与男性相比）以及新冠疫情对家庭收入/就业造成轻微负面影响的受访者（与没有变化的受访者相比）报告对疫苗的顾虑更多。那些对疫苗顾虑较少的人是那些报告健康状况较好（与较差的相比）、≥60 岁（与<30 岁的相比）以及离异/丧偶（与单身的相比）的人。
AAPI 是一个多元化的群体，本研究揭示了不同 AAPI 群体之间疫苗顾虑的差异。研究结果揭示了针对患者教育需求的潜在目标。针对 AAPI 亚群的各种疫苗顾虑制定有效的策略至关重要，这将有助于确保疫苗接种的公平性。
